Fucus Embryogenesis: A Model to Study the Establishment of Polarity.

Goodner, Brad; Quatrano, Ralph S.

doi:10.1105/tpc.5.10.1471

Cited by 98 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…In yeast and the brown alga, Fucus, initial establishment of cell polarity requires an intact actin cytoskeleton (Goodner and Quatrano 1993;Li and others 1995) and is preceded by changes in the organization of the actin cytoskeleton (Alessa and Kropf 1999;Ayscough and Drubin 1996;Chant 1999;Kropf and others 1989). To maintain cellular polarity, a number of plasma membrane proteins that have asymmetric localization maintain their distribution by attachment to the actin cytoskeleton.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In the single-celled symmetric zygotes of the brown alga, Fucus, embryo fertilization occurs outside the algae, so that the very earliest stages of embryo development can be readily analyzed and manipulated. The earliest evidence of Fucus embryo polarity is detectable within 24 h after fertilization when the site of formation of a single rhizoid becomes evident (Goodner and Quatrano 1993). Treatment of Fucus embryos with auxin transport inhibitors leads to formation of embryos with double rhizoids or branched rhizoids (Basu and Muday, unpublished).…”

Section: Auxin Transport May Influence Developmental Polaritymentioning

confidence: 96%

“…In Fucus embryos, the site of rhizoid initiation is environmentally controlled, with light being the best-studied signal (Goodner and Quatrano 1993). As discussed later, there is a long history of experiments suggesting that the polarity of auxin movement across whole organs can change in response to light and gravity gradients.…”

Section: Auxin Transport May Influence Developmental Polaritymentioning

confidence: 98%

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Maintenance of Asymmetric Cellular Localization of an Auxin Transport Protein through Interaction with the Actin Cytoskeleton

Muday

2000

J Plant Growth Regul

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In shoots, polar auxin transport is basipetal (that is, from the shoot apex toward the base) and is driven by the basal localization of the auxin efflux carrier complex. The focus of this article is to summarize the experiments that have examined how the asymmetric distribution of this protein complex is controlled and the significance of this polar distribution. Experimental evidence suggests that asymmetries in the auxin efflux carrier may be established through localized secretion of Golgi vesicles, whereas an attachment of a subunit of the efflux carrier to the actin cytoskeleton may maintain this localization. In addition, the idea that this localization of the efflux carrier may control both the polarity of auxin movement and more globally regulate developmental polarity is explored. Finally, evidence indicating that the gravity vector controls auxin transport polarity is summarized and possible mechanisms for the environmentally induced changes in auxin transport polarity are discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Auxin Transport May Influence Developmental Polaritymentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Auxin Transport May Influence Developmental Polaritymentioning

confidence: 98%

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Maintenance of Asymmetric Cellular Localization of an Auxin Transport Protein through Interaction with the Actin Cytoskeleton

Muday

2000

J Plant Growth Regul

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“…A paradigm for zygote polarization in plants is the freeliving zygote of the brown algae Fucus (Goodner and Quatrano 1993;Quatrano 1990). Sperm entry establishes a transient axis that can be overridden in response to environmental cues, such as light, ultimately setting up the rhizoid pole away from the light source and the thallus pole facing the light.…”

Section: What Makes the Zygote Polar?mentioning

confidence: 99%

The asymmetric division of the Arabidopsis zygote: from cell polarity to an embryo axis

Zhang

Laux

2011

Sex Plant Reprod

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During plant embryogenesis, a simple body plan consisting of shoot and root meristem that are connected by the embryo axis is set up by the first few rounds of cell divisions after fertilization. Postembryonically, the elaborate architecture of plants is created from stem cell populations of both meristems. Here, we address how the main axis (apical-basal) of the plant embryo is established from the single-celled zygote and the role that the asymmetric division of the zygote plays in this process. We will mainly draw on examples from the model plant Arabidopsis, for which several key regulators have been identified during the last years.

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“…Sequences ofintegrins are not highly conserved so direct sequence equivalents are unlikely [72]. However vitronectin-like molecules have been detected in numerous plant [lO2] and even algal species [22,57,69]. Vitronectin along with fucoidan is concentrated in the growing rhizoid wall of the early Fucus zygote.…”

Section: How Are Mechanical Signals Sensed? the Role Of Calciummentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical signalling, calcium and plant form

1994

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Calcium is a dynamic signalling molecule which acts to transduce numerous signals in plant tissues. The basis of calcium signalling is outlined and the necessity for measuring and imaging of calcium indicated. Using plants genetically transformed with a cDNA for the calcium-sensitive luminescent protein, aequorin, we have shown touch and wind signals to immediately increase cytosol calcium. Touch and wind signal plant cells mechanically, through tension and compression of appropriate cells. Many plant tissues and cells are very sensitive to mechanical stimulation and the obvious examples of climbing plants, insectivorous species as well as other less well-known examples are described. Touch sensing in these plants may be a simple evolutionary modification of sensitive mechanosensing system present in every plant. The possibility that gravitropism may be a specific adaptation of touch sensing is discussed. There is a growing appreciation that plant form may have a mechanical basis. A simple mechanical mechanism specifying spherical, cylindrical and flat-bladed structures is suggested. The limited morphological variety of plant tissues may also reflect mechanical specification. The article concludes with a discussion of the mechanisms of mechanical sensing, identifying integrin-like molecules as one important component, and considers the specific role of calcium.

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Fucus Embryogenesis: A Model to Study the Establishment of Polarity.

Cited by 98 publications

References 50 publications

Maintenance of Asymmetric Cellular Localization of an Auxin Transport Protein through Interaction with the Actin Cytoskeleton

Maintenance of Asymmetric Cellular Localization of an Auxin Transport Protein through Interaction with the Actin Cytoskeleton

The asymmetric division of the Arabidopsis zygote: from cell polarity to an embryo axis

Mechanical signalling, calcium and plant form

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