Fucoidan Extracts Ameliorate Acute Colitis

Abstract

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease, are an important cause of morbidity and impact significantly on quality of life. Overall, current treatments do not sustain a long-term clinical remission and are associated with adverse effects, which highlight the need for new treatment options. Fucoidans are complex sulphated, fucose-rich polysaccharides, found in edible brown algae and are described as having multiple bioactivities including potent anti-inflammatory effects. Therefore, the therapeutic potential of two different fucoidan preparations, fucoidan-polyphenol complex (Maritech Synergy) and depyrogenated fucoidan (DPF) was evaluated in the dextran sulphate sodium (DSS) mouse model of acute colitis. Mice were treated once daily over 7 days with fucoidans via oral (Synergy or DPF) or intraperitoneal administration (DPF). Signs and severity of colitis were monitored daily before colons and spleens were collected for macroscopic evaluation, cytokine measurements and histology. Orally administered Synergy and DPF, but not intraperitoneal DPF treatment, significantly ameliorated symptoms of colitis based on retention of body weight, as well as reduced diarrhoea and faecal blood loss, compared to the untreated colitis group. Colon and spleen weight in mice treated with oral fucoidan was also significantly lower, indicating reduced inflammation and oedema. Histological examination of untreated colitis mice confirmed a massive loss of crypt architecture and goblet cells, infiltration of immune cells and oedema, while all aspects of this pathology were alleviated by oral fucoidan. Importantly, in this model, the macroscopic changes induced by oral fucoidan correlated significantly with substantially decreased production of at least 15 pro-inflammatory cytokines by the colon tissue. Overall, oral fucoidan preparations significantly reduce the inflammatory pathology associated with DSS-induced colitis and could therefore represent a novel nutraceutical option for the management of IBD.

The Effect of N. Acetylcysteine and Ginger on Acetic Acid Induced Colitis in Adult Male Albino Rat: Histological, Immunohistochemical and Morphometric Study

“…These results concord with recent findings of Lean et al [41].The submucosa was widened due to increased collagen fibres deposition and probably from oedema. Ginger treatment obviously restored the mucosal epithelium integrity and diminished mucosal and submucosal inflammatory cells; however NAC had marginal mucosal regenerative effects but no notable reduction of inflammatory cellular infiltration.…”

Administration of olive oil optimizes acetic acid induced colitis in CD1 mice

“…These models include DSS, oxalone and acetic acid (MacPherson et al, 1978;Boirivant et al, 1998;Kawada et al, 2007). Concerning the third model, there are a large number of reports that, described the possibility of several potential compounds can ameliorate acetic acid-induced colitis (Lean et al, 2015). Other studies showed also that, many drugs as well as diet could worsen or improve colonic functions and symptoms according to type and severity of colitis (Valdez et al, 2000).Several compounds such as N-acetyl cysteine, trimetazidine, vitamin E, and melatonin were tested by using acetic acid colitis model to decrease the reactive oxidative species (Kurutas et al, 2005).…”

Seaweeds: An Extensive Review of Medicinal Values

“…The [ 13 C]-Spirulina platensis GEBT is an easy to measure of gastric emptying with accuracy [331][332][333]. Laminaria japonica (vomiting, hemorrhoids, IBD, probiotic synergist) [334,335], Eucheuma cottonii (IBD, hepatoprotective, anti-food allergy) [336][337][338], Caulerpa Mexicana (Figure 15) (Gastroprotective, IBD) [339][340][341], Hypnea musciformis (IBD) [336,342], Fucus vesicolosus (gastroprotective, ulcerative colitis) [117,343], Laminaria hyperborean, Laminaria digitate (IBD) [344,345], Undaria pinnatifida ( Figure 16) (improves gut health) are reported in gut health modulation [346]. In addition, seaweed polysaccharides are atypical in structure to terrestrial glycans, and were found to resist gastric acidity, host digestive enzymes, and GI absorption [347].…”