FTIR Spectrophotometry as a Green Tool for Quantitative Analysis of Drugs: Practical Application to Amoxicillin

Abstract

Amoxicillin is an antimicrobial agent that belongs to the penicillin compounds. Its bactericidal action causes a destruction of the cell wall of bacteria. It is widely used in clinical practice, and it belongs to the Brazilian National List of Essential Drugs (RENAME). In literature, there are some green analytical methods for the amoxicillin analysis; however, none of them is focused on its quantification in capsules. Therefore, the aim of this study was to validate an environmentally friendly analytical method for the analysis of this antimicrobial action in capsules, using spectrophotometry in the mid-infrared region. The analyses were performed in the spectral range of 1815–1736 cm−1, and the samples were analyzed as potassium bromide pellets. The method was validated according to the ICH guidelines and Brazilian legislation. Linearity, selectivity, precision, accuracy, and robustness were evaluated and showed adequate results for method validation, in a concentration range of 0.5–1.5 mg/pellet. Thus, it is concluded that the validated spectrophotometric method is able to quantify amoxicillin in capsules. In addition, it is a fast, economical, and environmentally friendly method, since it does not use organic solvents, and it can be used for quality control of routine analysis of this drug.

Characterization of Whey-Based Fermented Beverages Supplemented with Hydrolyzed Collagen: Antioxidant Activity and Bioavailability

“…When using the FTIR technique, the samples do not require pretreatment or the use of any organic solvents, which reduces the environmental damage caused by toxic waste. The FTIR technique is based on natural vibrational frequencies of the chemical bonds present in the molecules [ 53 ]. As illustrated in Figure 2 , the peaks between 1644 and 1649 cm −1 are representative of the fatty acids present in dairy products, and 1080 cm −1 is representative of lactose [ 54 , 55 ].…”

Hydrolysed Collagen from Sheepskins as a Source of Functional Peptides with Antioxidant Activity

“…Also, it is a fast technique based on the natural vibrational frequencies of the chemical bonds present in molecules. FTIR is a non-destructive technique using a minimum amount of sample [72]. The absorption spectra by the FTIR technique were obtained with the Frontier FT-MIR (Perkin Elmer.…”

Quantitative analysis of doxorubicin hydrochloride and arterolane maleate by mid IR spectroscopy using transmission and reflectance modes

“…In recent years, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) has been widely explored for the quantitative analysis, quality control, and supervision of manufacturing process of pharmaceutical products [1][2][3]. The different pharmaceutical preparations including liquids, solutions, pastes, powders, films, fibres, gases and surfaces can all be examined with a judicious choice of this sampling technique.…”