FTIR-based spectroscopic analysis in the identification of clinically aggressive prostate cancer

Abstract

Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is a vibrational spectroscopic technique that uses infrared radiation to vibrate molecular bonds within the sample that absorbs it. As different samples contain different molecular bonds or different configurations of molecular bonds, FTIR allows us to obtain chemical information on molecules within the sample. Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy in conjunction with a principal component-discriminant function analysis (PC-DFA) algorithm was applied to the grading of prostate cancer (CaP) tissue specimens. The PC-DFA algorithm is used alongside the established diagnostic measures of Gleason grading and the tumour/node/metastasis system. Principal component-discriminant function analysis improved the sensitivity and specificity of a three-band Gleason score criterion diagnosis previously reported by attaining an overall sensitivity of 92.3% and specificity of 99.4%. For the first time, we present the use of a two-band criterion showing an association of FTIR-based spectral characteristics with clinically aggressive behaviour in CaP manifest as local and/or distal spread. This paper shows the potential for the use of spectroscopic analysis for the evaluation of the biopotential of CaP in an accurate and reproducible manner.

Vibrational spectroscopic analysis of body fluids: avoiding molecular contamination using centrifugal filtration

“…Figure 2 shows the spectrum of the dried complete serum sample (A), the >100K serum fraction (B), and the <100Kserum fraction (D). Table 1 provides a list of band assignments [41][42][43][44][45][46][47] . Although the >100K serum fraction is very similar to that of the pure serum, consistent with the >100K fraction containing the most abundant proteins, the spectral profile of the 100K-10K fraction is significantly different, supporting the fractionation approach to provide more diagnostic information.…”

Investigating FTIR based histopathology for the diagnosis of prostate cancer

“…Our previous research has shown that FTIR spectroscopy coupled with multivariate analysis is a promising means of reinforcing the Gleason scoring system of grading prostate cancer [24][25][26][27]. FTIR spectra from CaP tissue biopsy samples were analysed using linear discriminant analysis (LDA) to construct a grading model.…”

Spectroscopic and chemometric approaches to radiobiological analyses

“…The higher signal levels achievable with FTIRM result in increased speed of measurement and consequently higher sample throughput over CRM [21]. The strengths of both are now well established in hyperspectral imaging for non-invasive and label-free histopathology [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30], while the capabilities of CRM to detect tissue abnormalities in-vivo without the complication of contamination of spectral measurements by water and atmospheric features has resulted in a move to the development of clinical devices [31].…”