FT-IR and micro-Raman spectroscopic characterization of minerals in high-calcium coal ashes

Yin, Yanshan; Yin, Jie; Zhang, Wei; Tian, Hong; Hu, Zhangmao; Ruan, Min; Xu, Hao; Liu, Liang; Yan, Xiaozhong; Chen, Donglin

doi:10.1016/j.joei.2017.02.003

Cited by 48 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Previous study [32] shows that the dehydroxylation of kaolinite and destruction of crystal lattice occurred once the heat treatment temperature was up to 550 • C. The Al-O-Si bending band shifted from 538 cm −1 (Figure 1) to 560 cm −1 (Figure 2), suggesting the distortion in tetrahedral and octahedral layers and the production of metakaolinite upon heat treatment. The occurrence of metakaolinite in coal ashes was also supported by our previous work [33]. The absorption peak at 1196 cm −1 was associated with amorphous SiO 2 derived from the thermal transformation of clay mineral [34].…”

Section: Characterization Of Organic and Inorganic Components In Coalsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…A very strong band around 148 cm −1 revealed the occurrence of anatase, although the titanium oxides content of coal ash was very low (see Table 2). Low content of anatase was also observed in the kaolinite [41] and in high-calcium coal ashes [33] by Raman spectroscopy. The anatase showed other medium and weak bands at 199, 400, 517, and 642 cm −1 .…”

Section: Characterization Of Organic and Inorganic Components In Coalmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…Although the infrared spectra show marked absorption bands of minerals in coals (see Figure 1), the Raman spectra of coals indicate intense bands of disordered carbon but no bands of mineral matter. This is because Raman spectroscopy is very sensitive to carbonaceous materials, the unburned carbon in coal ash can even be readily detected [25,33]. The prominent carbon bands near 1350 and 1590 cm −1 are D and G bands, respectively.…”

Section: Characterization Of Organic and Inorganic Components In Coalmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of Coals and Coal Ashes with High Si Content Using Combined Second-Derivative Infrared Spectroscopy and Raman Spectroscopy

Yin

et al. 2019

Crystals

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The organic and mineral components in two coals and resulting high-temperature ashes with high silicon content were characterized by second-derivative infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The infrared spectra of raw coals show weak organic functional groups bands but strong kaolinite bands because of the relatively high silicates content. In contrast, the Raman spectra of raw coals show strong disordered carbon bands but no mineral bands since Raman spectroscopy is highly sensitive to carbonaceous phases. The overlapping bands of mineral components (e.g., calcite, feldspar, and muscovite) were successfully resolved by the method of second-derivative infrared spectroscopy. The results of infrared spectra indicate the presence of metakaolinite in coal ashes, suggesting the thermal transformation of kaolinite during ashing. Intense quartz bands were shown in both infrared and Raman spectra of coal ashes. In addition, Raman spectra of coal ashes show a very strong characteristic band of anatase (149 cm–1), although the titanium oxides content is very low. Combined use of second-derivative infrared spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy provides valuable insight into the analyses of mineralogical composition. The XRD results generally agree with those of FTIR and Raman spectroscopic analyses.

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Section: Characterization Of Organic and Inorganic Components In Coalsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Characterization Of Organic and Inorganic Components In Coalmentioning

confidence: 72%

Section: Characterization Of Organic and Inorganic Components In Coalmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of Coals and Coal Ashes with High Si Content Using Combined Second-Derivative Infrared Spectroscopy and Raman Spectroscopy

Yin

et al. 2019

Crystals

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“…XRD determines the composition and structure of crystalline substances in solid dust and rocks, qualitatively and semi-quantitatively [255][256][257][258]. XRD analysis irradiates the sample with X-rays to generate a specific diffraction pattern determined by a rotating crystal that provides crystal structure, molecular configuration, and composition [203].…”

Section: X-ray Diffraction (Xrd)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Respirable Coal Mine Dust Characterization for Mass Concentration, Size Distribution and Chemical Composition

et al. 2021

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Respirable coal mine dust (RCMD) exposure is associated with black lung and silicosis diseases in underground miners. Although only RCMD mass and silica concentrations are regulated, it is possible that particle size, surface area, and other chemical constituents also contribute to its adverse health effects. This review summarizes measurement technologies for RCMD mass concentrations, morphology, size distributions, and chemical compositions, with examples from published efforts where these methods have been applied. Some state-of-the-art technologies presented in this paper have not been certified as intrinsically safe, and caution should be exerted for their use in explosive environments. RCMD mass concentrations are most often obtained by filter sampling followed by gravimetric analysis, but recent requirements for real-time monitoring by continuous personal dust monitors (CPDM) enable quicker exposure risk assessments. Emerging low-cost photometers provide an opportunity for a wider deployment of real-time exposure assessment. Particle size distributions can be determined by microscopy, cascade impactors, aerodynamic spectrometers, optical particle counters, and electrical mobility analyzers, each with unique advantages and limitations. Different filter media are required to collect integrated samples over working shifts for comprehensive chemical analysis. Teflon membrane filters are used for mass by gravimetry, elements by energy dispersive X-ray, rare-earth elements by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry and mineralogy by X-ray diffraction. Quartz fiber filters are analyzed for organic, elemental, and brown carbon by thermal/optical methods and non-polar organics by thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Polycarbonate-membrane filters are analyzed for morphology and elements by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray, and quartz content by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy.

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“…Coal ash is mainly composed of a complex mixture of SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , and CaO with alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, and transition metal oxides and their compounds . Generally, slagging situation can be predicted according to the ST of coal ash, then suitable combustion equipment is selected, and the apparatus further determines the coal species having a suitable ST. A host of scholars have done a lot of research on the ash melting characteristics of PC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of coal blending on ash fusion behavior for blast furnace injection of high calcium bituminous coal

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2019

Energy Science & Engineering

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In order to expand the range of bituminous coal injected into blast furnace, the ash melting behavior and regulation mechanism of bituminous with high calcium and low ash fusion temperature (AFT) were investigated by coal blending. And the mineral transformation behavior in the blended ashes was investigated by X-ray powder diffractometry with normalized reference intensity ratio software and FactSage software. The experimental results manifest that the softening temperature (ST) of coal D is 8°C lower than that of the hot blast temperature. By adequately mixing coal B and coal D, it is easy to meet the requirements of pulverized coal injection.And coal D has become a standard bituminous for blast furnace injection. However, the high content of CaO in the coal S ash makes the AFT much lower than the hot blast temperature, which leads to the reluctance of the steel industry to inject coal S.With the increase of coal B mass ratio, the content of high-melting eutectic matters (3Al 2 O 3 ·2SiO 2 and tridymite) increases at high temperature, while the content of low-melting anorthite, andradite, gehlenite, and grossularite decreases, which leads to the increase of AFTs. The variation in the liquid phase under certain conditions reflects the change in AFT. In summary, by blending with coal B, the ST of blended coals S/B is higher than the hot blast temperature (1250°C), so that coal S can be applied to blast furnace injection. And the injection ratio of coal S in blended coals can reach about 50%. K E Y W O R D Sash fusion behavior, coal blending, high calcium bituminous, mineral transformation, thermal properties How to cite this article: Li Y, Zhang J, Wang G, Qiao J, Wang P, Liang W. Effect of coal blending on ash fusion behavior for blast furnace injection of high calcium bituminous coal. Energy Sci Eng.

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FT-IR and micro-Raman spectroscopic characterization of minerals in high-calcium coal ashes

Cited by 48 publications

References 46 publications

Characterization of Coals and Coal Ashes with High Si Content Using Combined Second-Derivative Infrared Spectroscopy and Raman Spectroscopy

Characterization of Coals and Coal Ashes with High Si Content Using Combined Second-Derivative Infrared Spectroscopy and Raman Spectroscopy

Review of Respirable Coal Mine Dust Characterization for Mass Concentration, Size Distribution and Chemical Composition

Effect of coal blending on ash fusion behavior for blast furnace injection of high calcium bituminous coal

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