Frutexites encrustations on rugose corals (Middle Devonian, southern Morocco): complex growth of microbial microstromatolites

Jakubowicz, Michał; Bełka, Zdzisław; Berkowski, Błażej

doi:10.1007/s10347-013-0381-1

Cited by 23 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…The iron-crust surface represents a discontinuity surface with associated condensation and hardground development. Under such as conditions, processes related to the activity of iron-oxidizing microbial communities can be responsible for the stromatolite formation and Fe mineralization (Préat et al, 2000, Jakubowicz et al, 2014. The consortium of ferruginous stromatolites, serpulids and encrusting foraminifera is a common feature of many Mesozoic hardgrounds and condensed sections of the Tethyan realm (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural and facies architecture of a diapir-related carbonate minibasin (lower and middle Jurassic, High Atlas, Morocco)

Teixell

Barnolas

Rosales

et al. 2017

Marine and Petroleum Geology

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We report the structural geometry and facies architecture of a small diapir-related carbonatedominated basin from the Jurassic rift of the Moroccan High Atlas. The Azag minibasin is a lozenge-shaped depocenter completely enclosed by tectonic boundaries that we interpret as welds after former salt anticlines or salt walls. The exposed ca. 3000 m-thick infill of the Azag minibasin is asymmetric; layers are tilted to the W defining a rollover geometry. Areallyrestricted sedimentary discontinuities and wedges of growth strata near the basin margins indicate sedimentation contemporaneous with diapiric rise of a Triassic ductile layer. Facies evolution through the basin reflects local accommodation by salt withdrawal and regional events in the High Atlas rift. The early basin infill in the Sinemurian and Pliensbachian shows thickness variations indicative of low-amplitude halokinetic movements, with reduced exposed thicknesses compared to surrounding areas. The exposed Toarcian and Aalenian deposits are also reduced in thickness compared to areas outside the basin. Subsidence increased dramatically in the Bajocian-early Bathonian (?), the main phase of downbuilding, when over 2600 m of carbonates and shales accumulated at a rate > 0.5 mm/a in the depocentral area of the minibasin governed by W-directed salt expulsion. The stratigraphic units distinguished often show maximum thicknesses and deeper facies in the depocentral area, and rapidly change to shallower facies at the basin margins. The Bajocian carbonate facies assemblage of the minibasin include: reservoir facies as microbialite-coral reefs in the basin margins (formed during periods of strong diapir inflation and bathymetric relief), basin-expansive oolite bars (formed during episodes of subdued relief), and organic-rich, dark lime mudstones and shales that show source-rock characteristics. The Azag basin is a good analog for the exploration of salt-related carbonate plays in rifts and continental margins where source-rock and reservoir can form in a same minibasin.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural and facies architecture of a diapir-related carbonate minibasin (lower and middle Jurassic, High Atlas, Morocco)

Teixell

Barnolas

Rosales

et al. 2017

Marine and Petroleum Geology

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“…Sheet cracks have also been described in Dienerian?–Smithian deposits of Oman, embedded in a Frutexites ‐bearing microbialite facies with branching Frutexites columns along the edges of cavities (Woods & Baud, ). They are also documented in various environments, ranging from deep‐water stromatolites (Böhm & Brachert, ; Jakubowicz et al ., ) and pelagic depositional settings (Woods & Baud, ) to cryptic habitats in shallow marine settings (Myrow & Coniglio, ; Reolid and Molina, ). Frutexites is considered to be a problematic microfossil observed from the early Proterozoic (Hofmann & Grotzinger, ) up to the Cretaceous (Böhm & Brachert, ); it is therefore difficult to interpret it in terms of palaeoenvironment.…”

Section: Microbialite Associations and Their Fabricsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial deposits in the aftermath of the end‐Permian mass extinction: A diverging case from the Mineral Mountains (Utah, USA)

et al. 2015

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International audienceData indicate that the morphologies of the three microbialite associations are controlled primarily by accommodation, hydrodynamics, bathymetry and grain supply. This study suggests that microbial constructions are controlled by changes between trapping and binding versus precipitation processes in variable hydrodynamic conditions. Due to the presence of numerous metazoans associated with microbialites throughout the Smithian increase inaccommodation and Spathian decrease in accommodation, the commonly assumed anachronistic character of the Early Triassic microbialites and thetraditional view of prolonged deleterious conditions during the Early Triassic time interval is questioned

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“…The record of Frutexites is usually related to Fe-Mn oxyhydroxides [51,128,131,134,142,[157][158][159]. The type of microbe involved in Frutexites, however, is unclear being frequently assigned to a cyanobacterial origin [2,131,132] or interpreted as a chemosynthetic and cryptobiontic microorganism [128,134,142,143,160].…”

Section: Cryptic Fe-mn Frutexites Crustsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Jurassic Non-Carbonate Microbialites from the Betic-Rifian Cordillera (Tethys Western End): Textures, Mineralogy, and Environmental Reconstruction

Reolid

Abad

2019

Minerals

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The term microbialite is commonly applied for describing carbonate organo-sedimentary deposits that have accreted as a result of the activity of benthic microbial communities (BMC). However, non-carbonate microbialites are progressively well-known and show a great diversity of organisms, processes, and mineralogical compositions. This article reviews three types of Jurassic microbialites from four different environmental contexts from the Betic-Rifian Cordillera (South Spain and North Morocco): marine hardgrounds, submarine caves, hydrothermal vents, and submarine volcanic deposits. The Middle-Late Jurassic transition in the External Subbetic (Betic Cordillera) and the Jbel Moussa Group (Rifian Calcareous Chain) was characterized by the fragmentation of the carbonate epicontinental platforms that favored these different settings: (A) Many stratigraphic breaks are recorded as hardgrounds with surficial hydrogenetic Fe crusts and macro-oncoids related to chemo-organotrophic behavior of BMC that served as a specific trap for Fe and Mn enrichment; (B) Cryptic hydrogenetic Fe-Mn crusts (or endostromatolites) grew in the walls of submarine cavities and fractures mainly constituted by Frutexites (chemosynthetic and cryptobiontic microorganism) locally associated to serpulids; (C) Hydrothermal Mn crusts are mainly constituted by different types of filaments and bacillus-shaped bacteria, whose mineralogy and geochemistry point to a submarine hydrothermal origin; (D) Finally, glauconite laminated crusts, constituted by branched cylindrical filaments, have grown in cryptic spaces among the pillow-lava bodies, probably related to the metabolism of chemo-organotrophic microbes under oxic conditions at temperatures between 30 and 90 °C. In most of the cases described in this work, microbial organisms forming microbialites were extremophiles.

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Frutexites encrustations on rugose corals (Middle Devonian, southern Morocco): complex growth of microbial microstromatolites

Abstract: Microbially induced Frutexites microstromatolites developed on corallites of the Givetian rugose coral

Cited by 23 publications

References 64 publications

Structural and facies architecture of a diapir-related carbonate minibasin (lower and middle Jurassic, High Atlas, Morocco)

Structural and facies architecture of a diapir-related carbonate minibasin (lower and middle Jurassic, High Atlas, Morocco)

Microbial deposits in the aftermath of the end‐Permian mass extinction: A diverging case from the Mineral Mountains (Utah, USA)

Jurassic Non-Carbonate Microbialites from the Betic-Rifian Cordillera (Tethys Western End): Textures, Mineralogy, and Environmental Reconstruction

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