Fruit phenology of citruses, mangoes and papayas influences egg-laying preferences ofBactrocera invadens(Diptera: Tephritidae)

Abstract

Fruit phenology of citruses, mangoes and papayas influences egg-laying preferences of Bactrocera invadens (Diptera: Tephritidae) Abstract-Introduction. African fruit production, as well as regional and international fruit trade, have experienced heavy economic losses over the past decade due to the damage caused by fruit flies, especially B. invadens Drew Tsuruta & White (Tephritidae: Diptera). Bactrocera invadens attacks fruits belonging to numerous botanical families, several of which are of great economic importance. The females of these flies generally lay their eggs in mature fruits, but some can lay in green-immature fruits. Materials and methods. The influence of the species, variety and phenology of fruits on the fruit attractiveness to B. invadens and the elicitation of B. invadens egglaying behaviour were studied in the laboratory. Fruits harvested regularly during the years 2008 and 2009 from orchards in the Niayes area (Senegal) were exposed to gravid females in cages set for the different factors tested. The exposed fruits were then incubated and the pupae emerging from them were counted. Results and discussion. Bactrocera invadens females laid eggs in ripe fruits. Within the same fruit species, the variety plays an important role in egg-laying preference. Hence, among the mango varieties tested, the Pêche variety hosted the highest number of pupae per fruit, while the Palmer variety hosted the lowest number. Comparison among different fruit species showed that mature papaya was more infested than mature mango or citrus. Furthermore, flies were unable to develop on lime. Conclusion. Our study showed that B. invadens can infest green and ripe host fruits, and even immature abscised fruits. Consequently, management of this pest must include preventive measures in the development and implementation of an integrated management system. Senegal / Mangifera indica / Carica papaya / Citrus / fruits / phenology / maturity / Tephritidae / Bactrocera invadens / oviposition La phénologie des fruits d'agrumes, mangues et papayes influence les préférences de ponte de Bactrocera invadens (Diptera : Tephritidae). Résumé-Introduction. La production fruitière ainsi que le commerce régional et international des fruits enregistrent de lourdes pertes économiques ces dix dernières années en Afrique, imputables aux dégâts causés par les mouches des fruits, notamment par B. invadens (Tephritidae : Diptera). Bactrocera invadens s'attaque à des fruits appartenant à de nombreuses familles botaniques dont plusieurs ont une grande importance économique. Les femelles de ces mouches pondent généralement dans les fruits matures mais certaines peuvent pondre dans les fruits immatures. Matériel et méthodes. L'influence de l'espèce fruitière, de la variété de fruit, et de la phénologie des fruits sur l'attractivité de B. invadens et la stimulation de son comportement d'oviposition ont été étudiées au laboratoire. Des fruits récoltés régulièrement au cours des années 2008 et 2009 en vergers de la zone des Niayes (Sénégal) ont été expos...

Post‐harvest disinfestation of Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) (Diptera: Tephritidae) in mango using hot‐water treatments

“…We also chose to bag fruit before the anticipated fruit flies population build up which usually occur when young aborted fruits (less than 60 g) begin to fall. Bactrocera dorsalis was known to infest all stages of mango development including premature fruit (Diatta et al., ; Rattanapun, Amornsak, & Clarke, ). Fruit flies populations have also been shown to increase significantly as a result of infestation of aborted fruit (Diatta et al., ).…”

“…Bactrocera dorsalis was known to infest all stages of mango development including premature fruit (Diatta et al., ; Rattanapun, Amornsak, & Clarke, ). Fruit flies populations have also been shown to increase significantly as a result of infestation of aborted fruit (Diatta et al., ). Pre‐harvest factors negatively influencing the effect of a hot‐water treatment include harvesting the fruits before they reach the physiological maturity stage, use of improper harvesting techniques, and sap‐burn injury at harvest, improper packaging and transportation among others.…”

Comparative demography ofBactrocera dorsalis(Hendel) andCeratitis capitata(Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae) on deciduous fruit

“…The flies used in the experiments were 14 (±1) days old. B. dorsalis reared in a colony under laboratory conditions reaches sexual maturity between 10 and 15 days after emergence (Bess and Haramoto, 1961; Diatta et al ., 2013).…”

Infestation rate of Mangifera indica fruit fly in Sudanese zone of Mali

“…The results of N'diaye (2009) and Lo (2017) showed strong presence of B. dorsalis in medium and late varieties. Factors contributing to flies multiplication were high density of certain varieties in the sites, stage of maturity (early, medium and late), size and age of the plot, fruit characteristics (thin, tender, hard or thick skin) and starting date of variety flowering (N'diaye, 2009;Jayanthi et al, 2012;Diatta et al, 2013;Nordey, 2014).…”