Fructose: Pure, White, and Deadly? Fructose, by Any other Name, is a Health Hazard

Bray, George A.

doi:10.1177/193229681000400432

Cited by 79 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(56 reference statements)

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“…Perhaps most importantly, the addition of sucrose and high-fructose corn-syrup (HFCS; also referred to as glucose-fructose, glucose-fructose syrup and/or high-fructose maize syrup) to processed foods markedly increased the consumption of hexoses in the Western diet. [34][35][36] Currently, the American diet is comprised of 19% more sugar than it was in 1970, matching a worldwide trend. 3,37 Of the per capita consumption of refined sugars in the US from 1970 to 2000, fructose consumption, in the form of HFCS, has increased from near zero in the 1970s to near 30% in 2000, 3 whereas the consumption of sucrose and glucose has declined or remained constant.…”

Section: Fructose and Adult Health Impacts: The Debate Continuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fructose, pregnancy and later life impacts

Regnault

Gentili

Sarr

et al. 2013

Clin Exp Pharma Physio

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Fructose is an increasingly common constituent of the Westernized diet due to cost and production efficiencies. Although an integral component of our pre-industrial revolution diet, over the past two decades human and animal studies have highlighted that excessive fructose intake appears to be associated with adverse metabolic effects. Excessive intake of fructose is the combined result of increased total energy consumption and increased portion sizes of foods, which often incorporate the fructose-containing sugars sucrose and high-fructose corn-syrup (HFCS). The adverse metabolic effects following excessive fructose consumption have become a hot topic in mainstream media and there is now rigorous scientific debate regarding periods of exposure, dosage levels, interactive effects with other sugars and fats and mechanisms underlying the actions of fructose. There is still a degree of controversy regarding the extent to which sugars such as sucrose and HFCS have contributed to the current epidemic of obesity and diabetes. Furthermore, an increasing number of infants are being exposed to sugar-sweetened food and beverages before birth and during early postnatal life, highlighting the importance of determining the long-term effects of this perinatal exposure on the developing offspring. There are limited human observational and controlled studies identifying associations of excessive sweetened food and beverage consumption with poor pregnancy outcomes. Animal research has demonstrated an increased incidence of gestational diabetes as well as altered maternal, fetal and offspring metabolic function, although the long-term effects and the mechanism underlying these perturbations are ill defined. This review aims to understand the role of early life fructose exposure in modifying postnatal risk of disease in the offspring, focusing on fructose intake during pregnancy and in early postnatal life.

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Section: Fructose and Adult Health Impacts: The Debate Continuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fructose, pregnancy and later life impacts

Regnault

Gentili

Sarr

et al. 2013

Clin Exp Pharma Physio

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…4 Other scientists maintain that the increased proportion of fructose in our diet is causal in the increased prevalence of negative health outcomes and non-communicable diseases including obesity, cardiovascular disease, hypertension and diabetes. [5][6][7][8][9][10] Certainly, long-term consumption of sucrose-sweetened beverages has been found to increase ectopic fat accumulation and blood lipids. 11 To what extent these detrimental effects are due to fructose consumption is of particular interest.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute effect of fructose intake from sugar-sweetened beverages on plasma uric acid: a randomised controlled trial

et al. 2016

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“…Research in our laboratory has not demonstrated increases in uric acid, systolic, or diastolic blood pressure in response to increased consumption of sugar sweetened beverages at up to the 90 th percentile population consumption level for fructose [34]. Some epidemiologic studies have suggested that there is an increased risk of obesity and poor dietary quality amongst individuals who consume large amounts of sugar sweetened beverages [35]- [37]. However, other studies, including several from our research laboratory, have not confirmed these findings [38].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

High Fructose Corn Syrup and Sucrose Sweetened Milk Improve Dietary Quality during Weight Loss by Displacing Energy Dense, Nutrient Poor Foods

Sinnett¹,

Lowndes²,

Nguyen³

et al. 2014

FNS

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We examined dietary quality and weight loss among adults who drank flavored milk sweetened with either high fructose corn syrup (HFCS) or sucrose at average population consumption levels of fructose. This was a blinded, prospective randomized controlled trial evaluating the effects of 10% or 20% of calories from either HFCS or sucrose sweetened 1% fat, flavored milk as part of a hypocaloric diet. Participants (n = 98) followed this diet and completed three day food records at the beginning and end of the intervention. Results were pooled and compared with 31 non-milk drinking controls. Equivalent and significant weight loss occurred in all intervention groups whose data were pooled. Weight loss was different between the groups (weight loss and sweetened milk: pre: 192 ± 28 versus post: 183 ± 28 pounds; control: pre: 190 ± 22 versus post: 187 ± 22 pounds, interaction p < 0.001). Compliance to milk consumption was over 96%. The increase in percentage of calories from carbohydrates (49 ± 8 versus 55 ± 6, p < 0.001) and protein (17 ± 5 versus 21 ± 3, p < 0.001) was offset by a reduction in percentage of calories from fat (33 ± 7 versus 24 ± 5, p < 0.001). Intakes of dietary calcium (839 ± 377 versus 1530 ± 407 milligrams, p<0.001), vitamin D (4 ± 3 versus 13 ± 3 micrograms, p < 0.001), potassium (2417 ± 766 versus 3183 ± 667 milligrams, p < 0.001) and magnesium (272 ± 83 versus 306 ± 73 milligrams, p = 0.001) increased, while sodium (3216 ± 1161 versus 2253 ± 684 milligrams, p < 0.001) declined. We conclude that HFCS and sucrose consumed at 10% -20% of calories may improve dietary quality during weight loss by improving compliance with nutrient dense foods such as low fat flavored milk.

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Fructose: Pure, White, and Deadly? Fructose, by Any other Name, is a Health Hazard

Cited by 79 publications

References 36 publications

Fructose, pregnancy and later life impacts

Fructose, pregnancy and later life impacts

Acute effect of fructose intake from sugar-sweetened beverages on plasma uric acid: a randomised controlled trial

High Fructose Corn Syrup and Sucrose Sweetened Milk Improve Dietary Quality during Weight Loss by Displacing Energy Dense, Nutrient Poor Foods

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