Fructose in the Treatment of Diabetic Ketosis 12

Splanchnic and renal exchange of infused fructose in insulin-deficient type 1 diabetic patients and healthy controls.

“…This was adequately explained by the findings that fructose uptake by body tissues occurs independently of insulin, as indicated by similar fructose levels attained during infusion in diabetic patients and healthy controls (2)(3)(4)(5), and that insulin administration does not affect the rate of fructose metabolism (4). However, there is evidence suggesting that the presence of insulin does affect the control of intermediary metabolism and end points of fructose metabolism.…”

Fructose as a Dietary Sweetener in Diabetes Mellitus

“…12 Consequently a diabetic organism, too, can rapidly start to metabolize fructose even when glucose utilization is impaired. 18 " 20 The first product of fructose metabolism, fructose-1-phosphate, is further converted to the trioses glyceraldehyde and dihydroxyacetone-phosphate. The final destiny of these trioses is dependent on insulin.…”

Therapeutic use of fructose: professional freedom, ‘pharmacovigilance’and Europe

“…2 A cynic might conclude that these differences in practice simply represent regional variations of fashion and fad in the fickle area of practical therapeutics, and that one would not expect fructose to differ from other naturally-occurring sugars in its metabolic action. After all, fructose and its cogener, sorbitol, have in the past been recommended for the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis, 3 as a parenteral nutrient in adults 4 and, in the form of invert sugar in the US, for children. 5 These recommendations owe their origin to more than half a century of research into experimental diabetes initiated in Germany by the brilliant work of Oscar Minkowski, his colleagues and followers in Strasbourg.…”