Fructans interact strongly with model membranes

Demel, R.A.; Dorrepaal, Ellen; Ebskamp, M.J.M.; Smeekens, J.C.M.; Kruijff, Ben de

doi:10.1016/s0005-2736(98)00138-2

Cited by 74 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Inulin‐type fructans are not commonly used as cryoprotectants, despite being known as water‐soluble natural cryoprotective agents synthesized by many plant, fungi and bacteria (Hubalek, 2003). Fructans directly interact with lipids of biological membranes and stabilize them under cold as well as dry conditions (Demel et al ., 1998; Vereyken et al ., 2003). Inulin can also serve as a fermentation substrate, as several F. prausnitzii strains can use inulin (Duncan et al ., 2002b).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Glycerol was selected due to its low toxicity to microbial and human cells and its widespread use for frozen stool samples intended for FMT (Hamilton et al ., 2012). Inulin acts extracellularly by stabilizing membranes via interplay with membrane lipids and providing mechanical protection from enhanced surface pressure (Demel et al ., 1998) and might substitute for a protective matrix.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cryopreservation of artificial gut microbiota produced with in vitro fermentation technology

Bircher

Schwab

Geirnaert

et al. 2017

Microbial Biotechnology

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SummaryInterest in faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has increased as therapy for intestinal diseases, but safety issues limit its widespread use. Intestinal fermentation technology (IFT) can produce controlled, diverse and metabolically active ‘artificial’ colonic microbiota as potential alternative to common FMT. However, suitable processing technology to store this artificial microbiota is lacking. In this study, we evaluated the impact of the two cryoprotectives, glycerol (15% v/v) and inulin (5% w/v) alone and in combination, in preserving short‐chain fatty acid formation and recovery of major butyrate‐producing bacteria in three artificial microbiota during cryopreservation for 3 months at −80°C. After 24 h anaerobic fermentation of the preserved microbiota, butyrate and propionate production were maintained when glycerol was used as cryoprotectant, while acetate and butyrate were formed more rapidly with glycerol in combination with inulin. Glycerol supported cryopreservation of the Roseburia spp./Eubacterium rectale group, while inulin improved the recovery of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii. Eubacterium hallii growth was affected minimally by cryopreservation. Our data indicate that butyrate producers, which are key organisms for gut health, can be well preserved with glycerol and inulin during frozen storage. This is of high importance if artificially produced colonic microbiota is considered for therapeutic purposes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryopreservation of artificial gut microbiota produced with in vitro fermentation technology

Bircher

Schwab

Geirnaert

et al. 2017

Microbial Biotechnology

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“…In Northern Africa, animal production is widespread and mostly extensive, often with a strong negative impact because of overgrazing on rangelands. However, greater production of animal products is required to satisfy the need of growing populations (Delgado et al 1999;FAO 2009). In Morocco for example, public actions ('Plan Vert') have been implemented to foster livestock farming.…”

Section: The Case Of the Mediterranean Basinmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This trait seems to be mediated by mechanisms which maintain the integrity of cell membranes as tissue moisture content declines. LEA proteins including dehydrins, sugars such as fructans (Demel et al 1998) and the level of reactive oxygen species have been implicated in this trait (Turner 2003) although research to better understand its biochemical and molecular basis is required (Verslues et al 2006;Oliver et al 2010). Plants with high leaf dehydration tolerance typically maintain growth for longer into a dry period than a dehydration avoider, and although often associated with development of an extensive root system, they tend not to shed their foliage to the same degree as dehydration avoiders and so are better able to utilise incident rainfall for growth if and when it occurs.…”

Section: Dehydration Tolerance To Improve Survival Of Droughtmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant drought survival under climate change and strategies to improve perennial grasses. A review

Norton¹,

Malinowski²,

Volaire

2016

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

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The three cool-season perennial forage grasses cocksfoot/orchardgrass, Dactylis glomerata L., tall fescue, Festuca arundinacea Schreb. syn. Lolium arundinaceum (Schreb.) Darbysh., and phalaris/harding grass, Phalaris aquatica L., are of major economic and ecological importance in regions with summer-dry environments. This review considers the constraints that these species are likely to experience under current and predicted increase of droughts due to climate change scenarios in south-eastern Australia, the southern Great Plains of USA and the Western Mediterranean Basin. The review identifies research required to maximise the development and use of C3 cool-season grasses with enhanced resilience to drought while considering the concern of some regulators that these grasses may be potential weeds. The state of knowledge of factors influencing plant drought survival and therefore recovery after stress and long-term persistence is discussed in the light of adaptive strategies. The major research needs identified to enhance traits conferring drought survival include (1) increasing the depth and density of grass root systems to strengthen dehydration avoidance; (2) exploring the biochemical, molecular and hydraulic bases of dehydration tolerance and improving techniques to measure this trait; (3) breaking the trade-off between summer dormancy and forage yield potential and improving understanding of environmental, biochemical and genetic controls over summer dormancy; (4) identifying non-toxic endophyte strains compatible with summer-dormant cultivars of tall fescue to enhance drought survival; and (5) enhancing seed production capability of new cultivars as well as the development of agronomic management packages for promoting stable mixtures combining perennial grasses and legumes. The weed potential of newly introduced summer-dormant cultivars is concluded to be minor. The research directions proposed here should improve pasture grass resilience and forage crop sustainability in Mediterranean and temperate summer-dry environments under the future drier and warmer conditions associated with climate change.

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“…1c-e). Also, recent evidence from bacterial fructans and artificial membranes (Demel et al, 1998) suggests that large fructans prevent membrane damage during severe desiccation, although if fructans are located primarily in the vacuole it is only the relatively robust tonoplast that will be affected.…”

Section: Conclusion : the Role Of Sugar ( Particularly Fructan) In Drmentioning

confidence: 99%

Partitioning of sugars in Lolium perenne (perennial ryegrass) during drought and on rewatering

Thomas

James

1999

New Phytologist

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Simulated swards of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) growing in 1-m$ soil blocks in the glasshouse were either well watered or deprived of water for 57 d and then rewatered. The first aim was to measure effects of drought on sugar (water-soluble carbohydrate) composition of laminae and sheaths of mature laminae, and bases and laminae of young (growing) leaves. The second aim was to use pulse labelling with "%CO # to follow the partitioning of recently-fixed assimilates, and the assembly and consumption of reserve sugars (fructans). Over the last 7 d of drought growth almost stopped, old leaves died faster than they were replaced, and total sugar (which had doubled in concentration during drought) was rapidly consumed. Leaf laminae had lower content of total sugars and of large fructan (DP 5) than did growing bases and sheaths. Drought greatly reduced the rate at which sugar was exported from the laminae to the sheaths and growing leaf bases, and the rate at which it was converted to fructan. Nevertheless, fructan accumulated over the first 50 d of drought. Rewatering did not result in depolymerization and remobilization of sugars that had been formed during the last 7 d of drought, but stimulated their further assembly into high-DP fructans. Our hypothesis, that accumulation of neo-kestose (a DP-3 fructan) in droughted laminae was a symptom of sugar remobilization just before death, was disproved. It is concluded that sugar reserves contribute to drought resistance only under extreme conditions. The specific role of fructan in dry environments might be to improve regrowth when drought is relieved, rather than to enhance growth during drought.

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Fructans interact strongly with model membranes

Cited by 74 publications

References 20 publications

Cryopreservation of artificial gut microbiota produced with in vitro fermentation technology

Cryopreservation of artificial gut microbiota produced with in vitro fermentation technology

Plant drought survival under climate change and strategies to improve perennial grasses. A review

Partitioning of sugars in Lolium perenne (perennial ryegrass) during drought and on rewatering

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