Fructan oligomers in <i>Poa ampla</i>

Chatterton, N. J.; Harrison, P. A.

doi:10.1046/j.1469-8137.1997.00716.x

Cited by 27 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Nonstructural carbohydrates were determined by an automated hydrolysis method (Denison et al 1990). Fructan polymerization analysis was conducted according to methodology reported in Chatterton and Harrison (1997). We estimated average degree of polymerization values by hydrolyzing an aliquot of the aqueous extract with 1 N HCl for 20 min at 70°C and measuring glucose and fructose by ion exchange chromatography.…”

Section: Sample Collection and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Dactylis glomerata Growing Along a Light Gradient in the Central Appalachian Region of the Eastern USA: III. Nonstructural Carbohydrates and Nutritive Value

2006

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Microsite conditions influence plant development and resource allocation of Dactylis glomerata L. (orchardgrass), a traditional pasture species with potential as an understory crop in woodlots. A field experiment was conducted to determine how open (O), shaded woodland (W) and open-to-shaded woodland transition zone (E O , E W ) microsites influenced the quantity and distribution of nonstructural carbohydrate (TNC) and crude protein (CP) among plant parts of defoliated orchardgrass. Plants established in spring (SP) or late summer (LS) were clipped each time mean sward height reached 20 cm.Microsite conditions influenced nutritive value of herbage. Nutritive value was acceptable when not more than 45-50% light attenuation (as a function of shading by nearby trees) occurred relative to open pasture. Twice as much TNC accumulated in stembases of LS compared to SP plants. Concentrations of TNC were least in plants growing at W, regardless of planting time. Stembase TNC depletion occurred in SP plants, regardless of microsite, and LS plants growing at W. CP concentrations were greater in herbage from W compared to O sites, suggesting the N needs of the plant were met with minimal fertilizer N inputs. The ratio of C:N and thus herbage energy expressed as total digestible nutrients (TDN), relative to CP declined as shade increased. Increased protein content is offset by lower fiber, lower nonstructural carbohydrate and the possibility of reduced preference by grazers. Nutritive value is improved by modest amounts of shade relative to plants growing in full sunlight, and allowing cool temperate origin grasses to vernalize is beneficial in terms of productivity, nutritive value, and persistence.

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Section: Sample Collection and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Dactylis glomerata Growing Along a Light Gradient in the Central Appalachian Region of the Eastern USA: III. Nonstructural Carbohydrates and Nutritive Value

2006

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“…The building block for the linear levan-type fructans (also termed phleins in plants) is 6-kestotriose (older nomenclature 6-kestose: Glcα1,2βFru6,2βFru) which is further elongated to polymers with β(2,6)-linkages. They typically occur in forage grasses such as Dactylis glomerata , Phleum pratense , and Poa secunda (Chatterton et al, 1993; Chatterton and Harrison, 1997; Tamura et al, 2009). Graminan-type fructans contain both β(2,1) and β(2,6) linkages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multifunctional fructans and raffinose family oligosaccharides

Ende¹

2013

Front. Plant Sci.

194

116

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Fructans and raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs) are the two most important classes of water-soluble carbohydrates in plants. Recent progress is summarized on their metabolism (and regulation) and on their functions in plants and in food (prebiotics, antioxidants). Interest has shifted from the classic inulin-type fructans to more complex fructans. Similarly, alternative RFOs were discovered next to the classic RFOs. Considerable progress has been made in the understanding of structure–function relationships among different kinds of plant fructan metabolizing enzymes. This helps to understand their evolution from (invertase) ancestors, and the evolution and role of so-called “defective invertases.” Both fructans and RFOs can act as reserve carbohydrates, membrane stabilizers and stress tolerance mediators. Fructan metabolism can also play a role in osmoregulation (e.g., flower opening) and source–sink relationships. Here, two novel emerging roles are highlighted. First, fructans and RFOs may contribute to overall cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis by specific ROS scavenging processes in the vicinity of organellar membranes (e.g., vacuole, chloroplasts). Second, it is hypothesized that small fructans and RFOs act as phloem-mobile signaling compounds under stress. It is speculated that such underlying antioxidant and oligosaccharide signaling mechanisms contribute to disease prevention in plants as well as in animals and in humans.

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“…Fructans with both linkages in substantial amounts, such as those that occur in wheat and barley (Bancal et al , 1992;Simmen et al , 1993) are called graminans. Fructans containing primarily or exclusively β (2 -6) linkages, such as those found in Dactylis glomerata (Chatterton et al , 1993c) or Poa ampla (Chatterton & Harrison, 1997) are called phleins or levans ( Waterhouse & Chatterton, 1993). The glucose residue can be internal to the molecule (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure of fructans in roots and leaf tissues of Lolium perenne

Pavis¹,

Chatterton

Harrison

et al. 2001

New Phytologist

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Summary• An analysis of fructan structures, to increase the understanding of biosynthetic pathways and enzymology of fructan synthesis in root and leaf tissues of Lolium perenne is reported.• Fructan extracted from stubble of L. perenne plants was analyzed by high performance anion exchange chromatography and pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC-PAD) using a new desalting technique. Structures of fructan isomers, separated up to DP16 (DP, degree of polymerization), were established by chromatographic elution times or by GC-MS.• Fructans of DP8 belonged essentially to three series: inulin series, inulin neoseries and the levan neoseries, which is/are different in glucose (terminal or internal) and linked fructose residues. High DP fructans (DP > 8) comprised 75% molecules with an internal glucose residue. They had some branch points although 1 and 6 kestotetraose could not be detected and the β (2 -6) linked fructose residues were 70 times more abundant than the β (2 -1) linked fructose residues. Roots, sheaths, leaf blades and elongating leaves accumulated similar fructans although amounts of both low and high, and types of low, DP fructans, differed.• It is proposed that fructans in L. perenne are synthesized via four enzymes: 1-SST (1-sucrose-sucrosefructosyl transferase), 1-FFT (1-fructan-fructanfructosyl transferase), 6G-FT (6-glucose-fructosyl transferase) and 6-FFT (6-fructanfructanfructosyl transferase) or 6-SFT (6-sucrose-fructanfructosyl transferase).

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Fructan oligomers in Poa ampla

Cited by 27 publications

References 9 publications

Dactylis glomerata Growing Along a Light Gradient in the Central Appalachian Region of the Eastern USA: III. Nonstructural Carbohydrates and Nutritive Value

Dactylis glomerata Growing Along a Light Gradient in the Central Appalachian Region of the Eastern USA: III. Nonstructural Carbohydrates and Nutritive Value

Multifunctional fructans and raffinose family oligosaccharides

Structure of fructans in roots and leaf tissues of Lolium perenne

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