Frontoparietal cortical networks for directing attention and the eye to visual locations: Identical, independent, or overlapping neural systems?

Corbetta, Maurizio

doi:10.1073/pnas.95.3.831

Cited by 892 publications

(597 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Note that these eye movement results do not invalidate our interpretation of the RT data, because attention is able to operate independently from eye movements (e.g. Corbetta, 1998). Further research is needed to elucidate the relationships between biased attention and biased eye movements in state and trait anxiety.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Working memory regulates trait anxiety-related threat processing biases.

Booth¹,

Mackintosh

Sharma

2017

Emotion

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High trait anxious individuals tend to show biased processing of threat. Correlational evidence suggests that executive control could be used to regulate such threat-processing. On this basis, we hypothesised that trait anxiety-related cognitive biases regarding threat should be exaggerated when executive control is experimentally impaired by loading working memory. In Study 1, 68 undergraduates read ambiguous vignettes under high and low working memory load; later, their interpretations of these vignettes were assessed via a recognition test. Trait anxiety predicted biased interpretation of social threat vignettes under high working memory load, but not under low working memory load. In Study 2, 53 undergraduates completed a dot probe task with fear-conditioned Japanese characters serving as threat stimuli. Trait anxiety predicted attentional bias to the threat stimuli but, again, this only occurred under high working memory load. Interestingly however, actual eye movements toward the threat stimuli were only associated with state anxiety and this was not moderated by working memory load, suggesting that executive control regulates biased threat-processing downstream of initial input processes such as orienting. These results suggest that cognitive loads can exacerbate trait anxiety-related cognitive biases, and therefore represent a useful tool for assessing cognitive biases in future research. More importantly, since biased threat-processing has been implicated in the aetiology and maintenance of anxiety, poor executive control may be a risk factor for anxiety disorders.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Working memory regulates trait anxiety-related threat processing biases.

Booth¹,

Mackintosh

Sharma

2017

Emotion

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“…In a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study on humans, Coull and Nobre [1998], using a combined spatial/temporal cueing task, found parts of the intraparietal sulcus (IPS) and superior parietal lobule (SPL) to be active during spatial orienting, temporal orienting, or the combination of spatiotemporal orienting. Other neuroimaging studies have found the SPL to respond mainly to the cue rather than to the target, suggesting that it is involved in setting up or maintaining an expectation, in anticipation of the target [Corbetta, 1998;Kastner et al, 1999;Shulman et al, 1999]. The same conclusion can be reached based on patient studies indicating that the posterior parietal lobe is crucial in setting up, maintaining, or disengaging spatial attention [Friedrich et al, 1998;Posner et al, 1984Posner et al, , 1987.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…The searchrelated contrast (full set-single set) showed activity of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and the premotor cortex. Numerous previous studies reported identical or very similar areas in association with either increased effort in search [Donner et al, 2002;Nobre et al, 2003] or with related attention tasks, especially those involving endogenous attentional and oculomotor shifts [Corbetta, 1998; for reviews see Coull and Nobre, 1998;Kastner and Ungerleider, 2000]. The increased activity may reflect the additional spatial orienting associated with the presence of more items.…”

Section: Prefrontal Areasmentioning

confidence: 78%

Prioritizing new over old: An fMRI study of the preview search task

Olivers

Smith

Matthews

et al. 2004

Human Brain Mapping

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Abstract:In visual search, observers can successfully ignore temporally separated distractors that are presented as a preview before onset of the search display. Previous behavioral studies have demonstrated the involvement of top-down selection mechanisms in preview search, biasing attention against the old set in favor of the more relevant new set. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we replicate and extend findings showing the involvement of superior and inferior parietal areas in the preview task when compared to both a relatively easy single-set search task and a more effortful full-set search task. In contrast, the effortful full-set search showed activation in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex when compared to the single-set search, suggesting that this area is involved in rejecting additional distractors that could not be separated in time. Hum Brain Mapp 24:69 -78, 2005.

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“…Most studies of parietal cortex and attention have focused on visuospatial tasks, and, unsuprisingly, the neural systems associated with attention have been tightly coupled with the saccadic eye-movement system [16,17 ]. However, findings from the monkey physiology literature as well as recent fMRI data in humans [18,19] suggest functional specialization within the parietal lobe in mapping between different sensory modalities and different motor effectors.…”

Section: Crossmodal and Unimodal Attentional Enhancementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parietal cortex and attention

Behrmann

Geng

Shomstein

2004

Current Opinion in Neurobiology

534

321

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The parietal lobe forms about 20% of the human cerebral cortex and is divided into two major regions, the somatosensory cortex and the posterior parietal cortex. Posterior parietal cortex, located at the junction of multiple sensory regions, projects to several cortical and subcortical areas and is engaged in a host of cognitive operations. One such operation is selective attention, the process where by the input is filtered and a subset of the information is selected for preferential processing. Recent neuroimaging and neuropsychological studies have provided a more fine-grained understanding of the relationship between brain and behavior in the domain of selective attention. anterior intraparietal sulcus CVA cerebrovascular accident DMS delayed match-to-sample fMRI functional magnetic resonance imaging IPL inferior parietal lobule SPL superior parietal lobule TPJ temporoparietal junction IntroductionParietal cortex, situated at the intersection of visual, auditory, and tactile cortices at the 'crossroads of the brain' [1], is 'association' or tertiary cortex. With its requisite connectivity to cortical and subcortical regions associated with motor responses, parietal cortex serves a crucial role in transforming sensory input into motor output. In the course of doing so, a host of cognitive computations are engaged including spatial representation and updating, attention, coordinate transformation, as well as abstract motor planning [2]. Although much progress has been made in demarcating fine-grained anatomical distinctions in parietal cortex and their functional correlates in nonhuman primates [2,3], this has not been possible in humans. In the past, neuropsychological studies in individuals with lesions have been somewhat helpful in this regard; however, in most cases, the lesions are diffuse, precluding definitive conclusions about the structural and functional aspects of human parietal cortex.With the advent of high-resolution functional neuroimaging, this mapping of anatomical areas is now possible. In addition, the development and accessibility of methods for detailed structural analysis of lesions has enabled a more fine-grained demarcation of the lesion site in braindamaged individuals, and, consequently, a more precise brain-behavior correlation. Here, we review the recent advances that suggest that the role of posterior parietal cortex in selective attention is more specific than was previously assumed. Parietal cortex and attentionSelective attention is the process whereby a subset of the input is selected preferentially for further processing. A primary focus of several recent neuroimaging investigations of attention has been to determine the anatomical locus within the parietal lobe that gives rise to the attentional biasing signal (i.e. the source) that ultimately initiates the sensory enhancement of the selected stimulus (i.e. the effect). The attentional biasing signal could potentially be generated in one of two ways: first, in a bottom-up or stimulus-driven manner (also referred to as 'attent...

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Frontoparietal cortical networks for directing attention and the eye to visual locations: Identical, independent, or overlapping neural systems?

Cited by 892 publications

References 53 publications

Working memory regulates trait anxiety-related threat processing biases.

Working memory regulates trait anxiety-related threat processing biases.

Prioritizing new over old: An fMRI study of the preview search task

Parietal cortex and attention

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