Frontiers in elemental analysis by mass spectrometry

Houk, R. S.; Shum, Sam C. K.; Wiederin, Daniel R.

doi:10.1016/0003-2670(91)85062-w

Cited by 33 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…To these losses, incomplete extraction of the ions from the interface and their incomplete transmission inside the ion channel should be added, especially for light ions 27,39 and for ion beams analysed using quadrupole instruments 40 (especially of older designs 41 ) and (sector eld) instruments operated at a high resolution. 40,42 With older quadrupole ICPMS, only one ion is registered by the detection system for every 10 4 to 10 6 ions through the skimmer; 43,44 the quest for a more efficient extraction and transmission is still underway. 39 Finally, irrespective of the dead time related losses, the secondary electron multiplier is usually not 100% efficient in registering the arriving ions, as illustrated by the routine practice to optimise itat the expense of its life timeby increasing inter-dynode voltages.…”

Section: A Binomial Derivation Of the Poisson Process In Icpmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The ICPMS signal as a Poisson process: a review of basic concepts

Ulianov

Müntener

Schaltegger

2015

J. Anal. At. Spectrom.

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Understanding the structure of noise associated with a measurement process is interesting theoretically and has practical applications related to the quantification of detection capability, signal uncertainty and dead time. Here, we present and analyse arguments explaining the appearance of the Poisson process in the distribution of count numbers in inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS) signals. We consider the Poisson distribution as a special case of the binomial distribution constrained by inefficient ion transmission from the ICP ion source to the detector. The universal form of the relevant Poisson process is doubly stochastic: the random nature of count numbers acquired per time unit is defined not only by the probabilistic selection of ions during their transport through the interface and ion channel, but also by fluctuations of the ion contents sampled by the spectrometer from the plasma and, more generally, by fluctuations of the rate of the Poisson process itself. Compared to an ordinary Poisson process, the doubly stochastic Poisson process has an excess variance that increases at higher analyte contents. The excess variance in the uncertainty of ICPMS signals is also known as flicker noise; it is an integral part of the doubly stochastic Poisson process and not a fully individual noise component. We review processes pertinent to its origin and formalisms used to describe it

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Section: A Binomial Derivation Of the Poisson Process In Icpmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The ICPMS signal as a Poisson process: a review of basic concepts

Ulianov

Müntener

Schaltegger

2015

J. Anal. At. Spectrom.

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“…For the present work, a new version of the direct injection nebulizer (DIN) was used to coupled LC to ICP-MS (27,29,64). Figure 4 shows the schematic diagram of a DIN and a regular DIN torch.…”

Section: Direct Injection Nebulizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of elemental speciation by liquid chromatography -- inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LC-ICP-MS) with the direct injection nebulizer (DIN)

Shum

1993

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“…It combines on-line separation, via surface modified silica capillaries for sample introduction, with an extremely sensitive element-specific detector (ICP-MS) following nebulization with a direct injection nebulizer (DIN), which is well-suited for liquid sample introduction into ICP instrumentation. Several papers describe the basic properties and analytical performance 13,14 of the direct injection nebulizer. The DIN is a microconcentric nebulizer placed inside the torch for liquid sample introduction into ICP instrumentation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%