Frontier Governance in Amazonia

Nepstad, Daniel C.; McGrath, David; Alencar, Ane; Barros, Ana Cristina; Carvalho, Georgia O.; Santilli, Márcio; Diaz, Maria del Carmen Vera

doi:10.1126/science.1067053

Cited by 200 publications

(131 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The use of indicators for evaluating biological and cultural integrity poses a challenge because they vary widely and across scales. A review of the biological science literature reveals that unprecedented rates of deforestation and degradation (Cochrane et al 2004, Nepstad et al 2002, species performance and/or extinction risks (Moore et al 2003, Root et al 2003, and distribution of single taxon (Gaston & Rodrigues 2003, Pitman et al 2002 are common yet disparate indicators that lead to different assessments of project success. Measuring the success of the programs in providing sustainable livelihoods or protecting cultural diversity has also been challenging.…”

Section: Integrated Conservation and Development Projectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applying Asset Mapping to Protected Area Planning and Management in the Cordillera Azul National Park, Peru

Campo

Wali

2007

Ethnobot. Res. App.

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Participatory conservation efforts are now common throughout regions of high biodiversity in the developing world. Standard approaches to participatory conservation begin with need-based assessments that identify humaninduced ecological threats and livelihood deficiencies, but this focus on "threats" and "needs" tends to reinforce perceptions of rural people as predatory, poor and dependent. We examine the theoretical, conceptual, and methodological application of an alternative, "assets-based" approach to participatory conservation and the co-management of natural resources in areas of high cultural and biological diversity. As a case study, we report on the implementation of an asset-mapping activity applied in the buffer zone of the Cordillera Azul National Park in north-central Peru. Data were collected by community facilitators in 53 communities within the park's buffer zone. These data encompass local knowledge systems, community visions for the future, and innovative livelihood strategies compatible with conservation goals. By focusing on these social assets, this approach demonstrates the ways in which positive, pre-existing cultural characteristics may be used to plan and guide the management of a protected area. We describe how this approach has helped to empower local communities and to improve dialogue and transparency between disparate stakeholders. We also include a discussion of the challenges and limitations of this assetmapping activity. IntroductionDebates about the role of local people in protected areas abound, both in terms of impact upon protected areas and the participation of local people in protected area management. While some argue that protected areas and local participation share fundamentally incompatible objectives (e.g., Redford & Sanderson 2000), and that protected areas with human influence are less able to improve forest integrity than those without human influence (Brandon et al. 1998, Bruner 2001, other research shows that humans have aided in the protection of plants and other natural resources therein, leading to more diversity and similar or better percentage forest cover than in uninhabited protected areas (Nepstad et al. 2006, Tuxill & Nabhan 2001.In general, participatory approaches have become nearly ubiquitous in conservation programs (Agrawal & Gibson 1999), but challenges persist in the management and comanagement of protected areas with local participation (Barrett et al. 2001). Furthermore, it is clear that threats to biodiversity have occurred in tandem with the disappearance of indigenous languages and traditional ecological knowledge (Maffi 2005), yet a divergence persists between those who advocate the preservation of biodiversity without human intervention (e.g. Terborgh 1999, Redford & Stearman 1993, and those who feel that biological diversity and cultural diversity do not exist in isolation but are linked (Allegretti 1999, Maffi 2005, Schwartzman 1989

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Section: Integrated Conservation and Development Projectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applying Asset Mapping to Protected Area Planning and Management in the Cordillera Azul National Park, Peru

Campo

Wali

2007

Ethnobot. Res. App.

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“…These fires are localized along the Cuiabá-Santarém highway (BR-163). This 5 highway corridor is known as a region of intense logging and burning of primary forest and its conversion to cattle pasture (Nepstad et al, 2002;Fearnside, 2007; C. Pöhlker et al, 2017). The transport time of the smoke from the fires to the ATTO site is about 2-3 days (given by the BTs), which provides a reference for the residence time and aging of the aerosol particles in the atmosphere.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term observations of cloud condensation nuclei in the Amazon rain forest – Part 2: Variability and characteristic differences under near-pristine, biomass burning, and long-range transport conditions

Pöhlker

Ditas

Saturno

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Size-resolved measurements of atmospheric aerosol and cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) concentrations and hygroscopicity were conducted at the remote Amazon Tall Tower Observatory (ATTO) in the central Amazon Basin over a full seasonal cycle (Mar 2014 -Feb 2015. In a companion part 1 paper, we presented an in-depth CCN characterization based on annually as well as seasonally averaged time intervals and discuss different para-5 metrization strategies to represent the Amazonian CCN cycling in modelling studies (M. Pöhlker et. al. 2016b).The present part 2 study analyzes the aerosol and CCN variability in original time resolution and, thus, resolves aerosol advection and transformation for the following case studies, which represent the most characteristic states of the Amazonian atmosphere: ), a mostly organic particle composition, and relatively low hygroscopicity levels (κAit = 0.12 vs. κacc = 0.18). The NP CCN efficiency spectrum shows that the CCN population is sensitive to changes in supersaturation (S) over a wide S range. Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi

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“…Logging typically occurs in remote frontier lands often characterized by contested land-use claims (12). Governmental agencies lack sufficient local field capacity and financial resources to enforce legislation.…”

Section: Technological Advancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainability science from space: Quantifying forest disturbance and land-use dynamics in the Amazon

Curran

Trigg²

2006

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Frontier Governance in Amazonia

Cited by 200 publications

References 7 publications

Applying Asset Mapping to Protected Area Planning and Management in the Cordillera Azul National Park, Peru

Applying Asset Mapping to Protected Area Planning and Management in the Cordillera Azul National Park, Peru

Long-term observations of cloud condensation nuclei in the Amazon rain forest – Part 2: Variability and characteristic differences under near-pristine, biomass burning, and long-range transport conditions

Sustainability science from space: Quantifying forest disturbance and land-use dynamics in the Amazon

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