From Wide Cognition to Mechanisms: A Silent Revolution

Miłkowski, Marcin; Clowes, Robert W.; Rucińska, Zuzanna; Przegalińska, Aleksandra; Zawidzki, Tadeusz Wiesław; Krueger, Joel; Gies, Adam; McGann, Marek; Afeltowicz, Łukasz; Wachowski, Witold; Stjernberg, Fredrik; Loughlin, Victor; Hohol, Mateusz

doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02393

Cited by 46 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 151 publications

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“…It is not just homeostatic, but allostatic, which means that it achieves homeostasis using agency and anticipation [46]. Every organism is cognitive and adaptive [45,[47][48][49][50], even bacteria and plants [51][52][53][54]. Cognition, as used in this series, does not necessarily imply a central nervous system.…”

Section: Living Organismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Science-Driven Societal Transformation, Part I: Worldview

Boik

2020

Sustainability

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Humanity faces serious social and environmental problems, including climate change and biodiversity loss. Increasingly, scientists, global policy experts, and the general public conclude that incremental approaches to reduce risk are insufficient and transformative change is needed across all sectors of society. However, the meaning of transformation is still unsettled in the literature, as is the proper role of science in fostering it. This paper is the first in a three-part series that adds to the discussion by proposing a novel science-driven research-and-development program aimed at societal transformation. More than a proposal, it offers a perspective and conceptual framework from which societal transformation might be approached. As part of this, it advances a formal mechanics with which to model and understand self-organizing societies of individuals. While acknowledging the necessity of reform to existing societal systems (e.g., governance, economic, and financial systems), the focus of the series is on transformation understood as systems change or systems migration—the de novo development of and migration to new societal systems. The series provides definitions, aims, reasoning, worldview, and a theory of change, and discusses fitness metrics and design principles for new systems. This first paper proposes a worldview, built using ideas from evolutionary biology, complex systems science, cognitive sciences, and information theory, which is intended to serve as the foundation for the R&D program. Subsequent papers in the series build on the worldview to address fitness metrics, system design, and other topics.

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Section: Living Organismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Science-Driven Societal Transformation, Part I: Worldview

Boik

2020

Sustainability

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It is not just homeostatic, but allostatic, which means that it achieves homeostasis using agency and anticipation [47]. Every organism is cognitive and adaptive [46,[48][49][50][51], even bacteria and plants [52][53][54][55]. Cognition, as used in this series, does not necessarily imply a central nervous system.…”

Section: Living Organismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Science-Driven Societal Transformation, Part I: Worldview

Boik¹

2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Humanity faces serious social and environmental problems, including climate change and biodiversity loss. Risks are increasing and conditions deteriorating. Increasingly, scientists, global policy experts, and the general public conclude that incremental approaches are insufficient and transformative change is needed across all sectors of society. However, the meaning of transformation is still unsettled in the literature, as is the proper role of science in fostering it. This paper is the first in a three-part series that adds to the discussion by proposing a novel science-driven research-and-development program aimed at societal transformation. More than a proposal, it offers a perspective and conceptual framework from which societal transformation might be approached and understood. While acknowledging the necessity of reform to existing societal systems (e.g., governance, economic, and financial systems), the focus of the series is on transformation understood as systems change or systems migration—the de novo development of and migration to new societal systems. The series provides definitions, aims, reasoning, worldview, and a theory of change, and discusses fitness metrics and design principles for new systems. This first paper proposes a worldview built using ideas from evolutionary biology, complex systems science, cognitive sciences, and information theory that is intended to serve as the foundation for the R&amp;D program.

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“…Developing from earlier views on how perception works, for example Gombrich (1961), Gregory (1978), and Purves (2010), the recent hierarchical predictive processing view of action and perception espoused by Friston (2003Friston ( , 2010, Clark (2013Clark ( , 2016, Hohwy (2013), Seth (2013), Fabry (2017), and many others takes a more integrative view of brain function. Miłkowski et al (2018) claim that cognitive neuroscience has undergone a silent revolution based in the integration of wide perspectives with the rest of the cognitive neurosciences. This results in a view of the reading process in line with the meaning-based views proposed inter alia by Goodman (1967Goodman ( , 1982, Strauss at al (2009), Bever (2009Bever ( , 2013Bever ( , 2017, and Goodman et al (2016).…”

Section: Contrasting Neuroscience Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroscience and Literacy: An Integrative View

Ellis

Bloch

2020

Preprint

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Significant challenges exist globally regarding literacy teaching and learning, particularly in poor socio-economic settings in countries of the Global South. In this paper we argue that to address these challenges, major features of how the brain works that are currently ignored in the educational literature should be taken into account. First, perception is an active process based in detection of errors in hierarchical predictions of sensory data and action outcomes. Reading is a particular case. Second, emotions play a key role in underlying cognitive functioning. Innate affective systems underlie and shape all brain functioning, including oral and written forms of language and sign. Third, there is not the fundamental difference between listening/speaking and reading/writing often alleged on the basis of evolutionary arguments. Both are socio-cultural practices driven and learnt by the communication imperative of the social brain. Fourth, like listening, reading is not a linear, bottom-up process. Both are non-linear contextually shaped psycho-social processes of understanding, shaped by current knowledge and cultural contexts and practices. Reductionist neuroscience studies which focus on decontextualized parts of reading cannot access all the relevant processes. An integrated view of brain function reflecting this non-linear nature implies that an ongoing focus on personal meaning and understanding provides positive conditions for all aspects of literacy learning. Assessment of literacy teaching at all its stages should include indicators that take into account these foundational features relating reading and writing to neuroscience.

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From Wide Cognition to Mechanisms: A Silent Revolution

Cited by 46 publications

References 151 publications

Science-Driven Societal Transformation, Part I: Worldview

Science-Driven Societal Transformation, Part I: Worldview

Science-Driven Societal Transformation, Part I: Worldview

Neuroscience and Literacy: An Integrative View

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