From waste to fertilizer: Nutrient recovery from wastewater by pristine and engineered biochars

Marcińczyk, Marta; Ok, Yong Sik; Oleszczuk, Patryk

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135310

Cited by 39 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 97 publications

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“…Biochar is an effective medium for capturing nutrients from wastewater (Marciczyk et al, 2022). In this study, the amount of P recovered for each biochar type was determined from the Sandpoint trials to identify the performance of each biochar type examined for nutrient recovery.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochar integrated reactive filtration of wastewater for P removal and recovery, micropollutant catalytic oxidation, and negative CO₂e: Process operation and mechanism

Yu,

Baker,

Crump

et al. 2023

Water Environment Research

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Biochar (BC) use in water treatment is a promising approach that can simultaneously help address societal needs of clean water, food security, and climate change mitigation. However, novel BC water treatment technology approaches require operational testing in field pilot‐scale scenarios to advance their technology readiness assessment. Therefore, the objective of this study is to evaluate the system performance of BC integrated into hydrous ferric oxide reactive filtration (Fe‐BC‐RF) with and without catalytic ozonation (CatOx) process in laboratory and field pilot‐scale scenarios. For this investigation, Fe‐BC‐RF and Fe‐CatOx‐BC‐RF pilot‐scale trials were conducted on synthetic lake water variants and at three municipal water resource recovery facilities (WRRFs) at process flows of 0.05 and 0.6 L/s, respectively. Three native and two iron‐modified BCs were used in these studies. The commercially available reactive filtration process (Fe‐RF without BC) had 96%–98% total phosphorus (TP) removal from 0.075‐ and 0.22‐mg/L TP, as orthophosphate process influent in these trials. With BC integration, phosphorus removal yielded 94%–98% with the same process‐influent conditions. In WRRF field pilot‐scale studies, the Fe‐CatOx‐BC‐RF process removed 84%–99% of influent total phosphorus concentrations that varied from 0.12 to 8.1 mg/L. Nutrient analysis on BC showed that the recovered BC used in the pilot‐scale studies had an increase in TP from its native concentration, with the Fe‐amended BC showing better P recovery at 110% than its unmodified state, which was 16%. Lastly, the field WRRF Fe‐CatOx‐BC‐RF process studies showed successful destructive removals at >90% for more than 20 detected micropollutants, thus addressing a critical human health and environmental water quality concern. The research demonstrated that integration of BC into Fe‐CatOx‐RF for micropollutant removal, disinfection, and nutrient recovery is an encouraging tertiary water treatment technology that can address sustainable phosphorus recycling needs and the potential for carbon‐negative operation.Practitioner Points A pilot‐scale hydrous ferric oxide reactive sand filtration process integrating biochar injection typically yields >90% total phosphorus removal to ultralow levels. Biochar, modified with iron, recovers phosphorus from wastewater, creating a P/N nutrient upcycled soil amendment. Addition of ozone to the process stream enables biochar‐iron‐ozone catalytic oxidation demonstrating typically excellent (>90%) micropollutant destructive removals for the compounds tested. A companion paper to this work explores life cycle assessment (LCA) and techno‐economic analysis (TEA) to explore biochar water treatment integrated reactive filtration impacts, costs, and readiness. Biochar use can aid in long‐term carbon sequestration by reducing the carbon footprint of advanced water treatment in a dose‐dependent manner, including enabling an overall carbon‐negative process.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochar integrated reactive filtration of wastewater for P removal and recovery, micropollutant catalytic oxidation, and negative CO₂e: Process operation and mechanism

Yu,

Baker,

Crump

et al. 2023

Water Environment Research

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“…Biochar characteristics can be manipulated through composition of feedstock, pyrolysis temperatures, or other chemical additives whereby it can be used as an adsorbent for ammonium, nitrate, and phosphate from wastewaters. The adsorbed nutrients can then be released via a desorption process, in acid/base solutions, by ion exchange, or by biodegradation to release nutrients . Nitrogen-doped biochar can also be used for pollutant removal from wastewaters .…”

Section: Using Wastes and Wastewater As Nutrient Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Fertilizers: Publication Landscape on Wastes as Nutrient Sources, Wastewater Treatment Processes for Nutrient Recovery, Biorefineries, and Green Ammonia Synthesis

Babcock-Jackson

Konovalova

Krogman

et al. 2023

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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The ability of modern agriculture to meet future food demand imposed by accelerating growth of the world’s population is a major challenge, and fertilizers play a key role by replacing nutrients in agricultural soil. Given the need for fertilizers, their cost in nonrenewable resources and energy, and the consequences of the greenhouse gas emissions required to make them, people have begun to explore ways to make fertilizer manufacturing and use more sustainable. Using data from the CAS Content Collection, this review examines and analyzes the academic and patent literature on sustainable fertilizers from 2001 to 2021. The breakdown of journal and patent literature publication over time on this topic, country or region of publications, the substances included in published research, among other things allow us to understand the general progress in the field as well as the classes of materials and concepts driving innovation. We hope that this bibliometric analysis and literary review will assist researchers in relevant industries to discover and implement ways to supplement conventional fertilizers and nutrient sources while improving the efficiency and sustainability of waste management and ammonia production.

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“…Therefore, ions and nutrients in the wastewater are beneficial to initiate seed germination [40][41]. However, using 100% concentrations of high-toxicity wastewater concentration may cause a detrimental result due to ions imbalance during water uptake [42,43].…”

Section: Germination Percentagementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wastewater has the potential to be used as a beneficial supplementary fertilizer due to its abundance of nutrients and organic matter content [8,9]. The treated wastewater contains nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and sulfur, which can easily be absorbed by plants [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Seed Germination and Early Seedling Growth Response on Two Rice (Oryza sativa) Varieties Supplied with Different Types and Concentrations of Wastewater in Thailand

Nordin,

Halmi,

Thobunluepop

et al. 2023

J Biochem Microbiol Biotechnol

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With increasing concerns over water scarcity, wastewater reclamation for agricultural irrigation has gained attention. However, the use of wastewater can have both positive and negative effects on crop growth. Seed germination and early seedling growth tests are considered to accurately represent crop growth population. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different types and concentrations of wastewater on rice seed germination and early seedling growth. Two rice varieties, SIRAJ279 and MR219, were grown in wastewater from shrimp culture, domestic sources, and cement factories at five concentrations: 0 (control), 25, 50, 75, and 100%. Seed germination percentage and germination rate index were used to evaluate seed germination analysis, while the seedling length, seedling vigor index, seedling fresh weight, seedling dry weight, and phytotoxicity percentage were used to evaluate early seedling growth analysis. Results showed that the SIRAJ279 rice variety had overall better seed quality than MR219. Rice irrigated with shrimp culture and domestic wastewater showed better results in seed germination, germination rate index, seedling length, seedling vigor index, and seedling fresh weight than those irrigated with cement factory wastewater. However, no significant difference was observed in seedling dry weight. Additionally, increased wastewater concentration had a negative effect on seed and seedling results. Seedlings grown in wastewater with a concentration of 75-100% from cement factories had the highest phytotoxicity percentage (more than 30%). Therefore, it is recommended to dilute cement factory wastewater to 50% before using it for agricultural irrigation.

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From waste to fertilizer: Nutrient recovery from wastewater by pristine and engineered biochars

Cited by 39 publications

References 97 publications

Biochar integrated reactive filtration of wastewater for P removal and recovery, micropollutant catalytic oxidation, and negative CO₂e: Process operation and mechanism

Biochar integrated reactive filtration of wastewater for P removal and recovery, micropollutant catalytic oxidation, and negative CO₂e: Process operation and mechanism

Sustainable Fertilizers: Publication Landscape on Wastes as Nutrient Sources, Wastewater Treatment Processes for Nutrient Recovery, Biorefineries, and Green Ammonia Synthesis

Effect of Seed Germination and Early Seedling Growth Response on Two Rice (Oryza sativa) Varieties Supplied with Different Types and Concentrations of Wastewater in Thailand

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From waste to fertilizer: Nutrient recovery from wastewater by pristine and engineered biochars

Cited by 39 publications

References 97 publications

Biochar integrated reactive filtration of wastewater for P removal and recovery, micropollutant catalytic oxidation, and negative CO2e: Process operation and mechanism

Biochar integrated reactive filtration of wastewater for P removal and recovery, micropollutant catalytic oxidation, and negative CO2e: Process operation and mechanism

Sustainable Fertilizers: Publication Landscape on Wastes as Nutrient Sources, Wastewater Treatment Processes for Nutrient Recovery, Biorefineries, and Green Ammonia Synthesis

Effect of Seed Germination and Early Seedling Growth Response on Two Rice (Oryza sativa) Varieties Supplied with Different Types and Concentrations of Wastewater in Thailand

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Product

Resources

About

Biochar integrated reactive filtration of wastewater for P removal and recovery, micropollutant catalytic oxidation, and negative CO₂e: Process operation and mechanism

Biochar integrated reactive filtration of wastewater for P removal and recovery, micropollutant catalytic oxidation, and negative CO₂e: Process operation and mechanism