From Vaccine Nationalism to Vaccine Equity — Finding a Path Forward

Katz, Ingrid T.; Weintraub, Rebecca; Bekker, Linda‐Gail; Brandt, Allan M.

doi:10.1056/nejmp2103614

Cited by 147 publications

(132 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…From a global perspective, this research also raises questions about health protection for the broader global community as advocated by the World Health Organization [18]. When many of the world's population is still unvaccinated, ethical questions about whether it is fair to vaccinate younger people in more wealthy nations while the elderly and most vulnerable in less wealthy nations are still at a higher risk of fatal outcomes [4,19]. With many people in wealthy nations looking to travel, some researchers have stated that vaccine equity should be the priority over vaccine passports [20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With the availability of many COVID-19 vaccines, there is hope that the pandemic will be brought to an end [2]. Given the limited vaccines, there has been general scientific consensus that people in the over 65 age category, as well as those with underlying medical conditions, should be provided high priority [3][4]. At this time, however, there is a high degree of inequity regarding vaccine distribution, and many countries with vulnerable elderly populations have not yet received a vaccine [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Epidemiological Study of COVID-19 Fatalities and Vaccine Uptake: Insight From a Public Health Database in Ontario, Canada

Leung¹,

Verma²

2021

Cureus

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Coronavirus disease has reached millions of people worldwide and is responsible for millions of deaths around the world. Research on fatalities in rural communities remains limited. In addition, the scientific literature has not yet reported on the distribution of vaccines in Canada and compared the findings to the age distribution of COVID-19 fatalities in Canada to see whether the vaccines have been distributed to the highest age category populations. This research article used data from the Government of Ontario and Statistics Canada to analyze the number of cases, fatalities, case fatality rates (CFRs) by demographic factors, such as age, gender, urban-rural status, and compared the findings to national vaccination rates by age. As of June 11, 2021, this study found that among the 528,819 cases among 14.8 million people. Among this population, there were 8875 fatalities in Ontario with 82.208% (n=7296) of fatalities occurred in people over 70 years, and 93.183% in people over 60 years (n=8,270). Additionally, the odds ratio of a fatal event was 9,652 times higher in people over 90 years (95% CI: 4418, 31124, p<0.001) as compared with less than 20 years. Men had a higher number of fatalities (n=4,490, CFR=1.721%) compared with women (n=4,385, CFR=1.692%), and a higher odd of fatal events only when adjusted for age and gender (OR=1.66, 95% CI: 1.57, 1.74, p<0.001). Urban areas had 92.034% of fatalities (n=8,168) and had a CFR of 1.632%. In contrast, rural areas comprised 4.451% of total fatalities (n=395) and had the highest CFR (2.267%). The unadjusted odds of a fatality were 1.41 (95% CI: 1.27, 1.56) in rural areas compared with urban areas. Across Canada as of May 29, 2021, people over 80 years old received 1,530,318 vaccines with 91.98% of this population age group receiving at least one and 457,664 being fully vaccinated (27.51%). In Ontario, as the number of people with at least one vaccine increased for people over 90 years, the number of fatalities was reduced from about 8 per day prior to vaccines to approximately two per day. Furthermore, once the vaccination rates exceeded 75% in ages 60 years and over 50% in the younger age groups, the number of fatalities per day among all age groups was approximately one per day. In summary, age was found to be a significant factor for COVID-19 mortality in Ontario and vaccine uptake in Ontario was followed by decreases in COVID-19 mortality.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological Study of COVID-19 Fatalities and Vaccine Uptake: Insight From a Public Health Database in Ontario, Canada

Leung¹,

Verma²

2021

Cureus

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“…More specifically, of 832 million vaccine doses administered, 82% was distributed to high-or upper-middle-income countries, whereas low-income countries only received 0.2% of the total [150]. The unequal distribution might result in vast disparities in health and economic well-being [151]. There are several reasons behind the unequal distribution.…”

Section: Critical Lessons For Further Improvements and Efficiency Of Vaccination Programsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are several reasons behind the unequal distribution. The high cost and technical requirements of delivering vaccines and transferring vaccine technology are some of them [149,151,152]. For reducing such costs, besides continuing to innovate vaccines to be more affordable and easier to stockpile (e.g., one-dose vaccines), vaccines have to be allocated more efficiently with the right amount of supply for the real demand.…”

Section: Critical Lessons For Further Improvements and Efficiency Of Vaccination Programsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Covid-19 vaccines production and societal immunization under the serendipity-mindsponge-3D knowledge management theory and conceptual framework

Vuong¹,

Le²,

La³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Since the outbreak of the Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19), tremendous efforts have been made by scientists, health professionals, business people, politicians, and laypeople around the world. Covid-19 vaccines are one of the most crucial innovations that help fight against the virus. This paper attempts to revisit the Covid-19 vaccines production process by employing the 3D creativity management theory. The vaccine production could be deemed an information process and classified into three main stages. The first stage involved the processes of absorbing information (e.g., digital data and open science) and rejecting waning information (e.g., misinformation and fake news) for effectively acquiring useful insights. Useful insights were later employed by experts, enterprises, governments, and international organizations through coordinated efforts for developing vaccines within a short period. Finally, the appearance of multiple types of vaccines enabled more strategic options for vaccine distribution and administration. Findings from this vaccine creativity management process could be used as critical lessons for further improvements and efficiency of vaccination programs.

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“…The data available in the public domain are insufficiently harmonized, making the direct comparisons biased, especially across countries and different timelines. On the other hand, our global response to the pandemic remains patchy and consequently less effective than it should be ( 16 ), especially in the domain of vaccine delivery and distribution ( 17 ). This lack of evidence-based, equitable, and global response to the pandemic puts all of us at an increased risk of new variants being generated and will surely extend the need for anti-epidemic measures.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fairer and healthier world for everyone – can lessons from the Dubrovnik Republic be applied to the COVID-19 pandemic?

Lukežić¹,

Polašek²

2021

Croat Med J

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From Vaccine Nationalism to Vaccine Equity — Finding a Path Forward

Cited by 147 publications

References 3 publications

Epidemiological Study of COVID-19 Fatalities and Vaccine Uptake: Insight From a Public Health Database in Ontario, Canada

Epidemiological Study of COVID-19 Fatalities and Vaccine Uptake: Insight From a Public Health Database in Ontario, Canada

Covid-19 vaccines production and societal immunization under the serendipity-mindsponge-3D knowledge management theory and conceptual framework

Fairer and healthier world for everyone – can lessons from the Dubrovnik Republic be applied to the COVID-19 pandemic?

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