From tissue engineering to engineering tissues: the role and application of <i>in vitro</i> models

Pacheco, Daniela Peneda; Vargas, Natalia Suárez; Visentin, Sonja; Petrini, Paola

doi:10.1039/d0bm01097a

Cited by 23 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…These will simultaneously reduce the number of animals used during preclinical analyses. 11 Existing in vitro models range from traditional methods, such as microtiter plates and dynamic systems, 12 to 3D printing of bacteria. 13,14 Co-cultures of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa have been performed using modi ed media in static 15 or dynamic conditions, 9,[16][17][18][19] anoxia, microtiter plates, 20,21 Calgary bio lm device 22 or even directly over mammalian cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterogeneity governs 3D-cultures of clinically relevant microbial communities

Pacheco

Bertoglio

Butnarasu

et al. 2023

Preprint

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A distinctive feature of the biological substrates hosting bacterial niches is their intrinsic heterogeneity, which should be retained in in vitro cultures to closely represent the complex microbial ecology. Here, we design and characterise 3D substrates providing bacteria with environments that possess structural heterogeneity and spontaneous microscopic dynamics. As a case study, we generate by diffusion-induced gelation a mucin-based hydrogel (CF-Mu3Gel) bioinspired on cystic fibrosis (CF) mucus, a microbial niche challenging current therapeutic strategies. We demonstrate that gradients in the properties of the CF-Mu3Gel impact the organisation and the antimicrobial tolerance in mono- and co-cultures of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. This leads to typical microbial aggregates and generates anoxic regions mimicking CF clinical features that standard cultures are unable to emulate. Our findings shed new light on the understanding of how the substrate influences microbial behaviour, providing a new platform to develop novel effective and possibly personalised therapies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterogeneity governs 3D-cultures of clinically relevant microbial communities

Pacheco

Bertoglio

Butnarasu

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…We postulate that increasing the filtering activity of the preclinical phase can be achieved by empowering the exploitation of highly predictive in vitro models, to accompany the traditional, too often not effective, in vivo models. [ 18,19 ] To this end, the most pioneering approach is represented by the design and production of CVIMs, intended as those platforms aiming to reproduce a high‐level anatomical, physiological, and pathological feature of human biology in experimental studies. [ 20 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward 3D‐Bioprinted Models of the Liver to Boost Drug Development

Guagliano

Volpini

Briatico‐Vangosa

et al. 2022

Macromolecular Bioscience

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The main problems in drug development are connected to enormous costs related to the paltry success rate. The current situation empowered the development of high-throughput and reliable instruments, in addition to the current golden standards, able to predict the failures in the early preclinical phase. Being hepatotoxicity responsible for the failure of 30% of clinical trials, and the 21% of withdrawal of marketed drugs, the development of complex in vitro models (CIVMs) of liver is currently one of the hottest topics in the field. Among the different fabrication techniques, 3D-bioprinting is emerging as a powerful ally for their production, allowing the manufacture of three-dimensional constructs characterized by computer-controlled and customized geometry, and inter-batches reproducibility. Thanks to these, it is possible to rapidly produce tailored cell-laden constructs, to be cultured within static and dynamic systems, thus reaching a further degree of personalization when designing in vitro models. This review highlights and prioritizes the most recent advances related to the development of CIVMs of the hepatic environment to be specifically applied to pharmaceutical research, with a special focus on 3D-bioprinting, since the liver is primarily involved in the metabolism of drugs.

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“…[ 3 , 6 ] This lack of knowledge may result in erroneous transferability to the human organism, especially because influencing factors such as gender, age, occupation, lifestyle, and disease are not taken into account, which is one of the reasons why only few substances successfully pass the clinical phase. [ 3 , 7 ] Moreover, the interlaboratory reproducibility of animal studies is low. [ 7 ] From an economic standpoint, animal experiments are resource‐intensive (time‐consuming and costly) and require skilled labor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 3 , 7 ] Moreover, the interlaboratory reproducibility of animal studies is low. [ 7 ] From an economic standpoint, animal experiments are resource‐intensive (time‐consuming and costly) and require skilled labor. [ 8 ] For example, drug approval takes 10–15 years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiparametric Material Functionality of Microtissue‐Based In Vitro Models as Alternatives to Animal Testing

2022

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With the definition of the 3R principle by Russel and Burch in 1959, the search for an adequate substitute for animal testing has become one of the most important tasks and challenges of this time, not only from an ethical, but also from a scientific, economic, and legal point of view. Microtissue-based in vitro model systems offer a valuable approach to address this issue by accounting for the complexity of natural tissues in a simplified manner. To increase the functionality of these model systems and thus make their use as a substitute for animal testing more likely in the future, the fundamentals need to be continuously improved. Corresponding requirements exist in the development of multifunctional, hydrogel-based materials, whose properties are considered in this review under the aspects of processability, adaptivity, biocompatibility, and stability/degradability.

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From tissue engineering to engineering tissues: the role and application of in vitro models

Abstract: This review defines and explores the engineering process and the multifaceted potential and limitations of models within the biomedical field.

Cited by 23 publications

References 68 publications

Heterogeneity governs 3D-cultures of clinically relevant microbial communities

Heterogeneity governs 3D-cultures of clinically relevant microbial communities

Toward 3D‐Bioprinted Models of the Liver to Boost Drug Development

Multiparametric Material Functionality of Microtissue‐Based In Vitro Models as Alternatives to Animal Testing

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