From the stadium to the fan zone: host cities in a state of emergency

Hagemann, Anke

doi:10.1080/14660970.2010.510729

Cited by 23 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…Live sites help minimize the risk of fans overcrowding around stadia or roaming around the city, and ensure that consumer behaviour is directed towards official sponsors, to whom symbolical monopoly of the city-branding is thus granted. They are spatial apparatuses 'that translate the nonscalable into the scalable' (Rahola 2014, 386), that is, the singular contingency of the urban space into the form of the ME by channelling flows of ticketless fans within an exceptionally controlled, regulated, commodified and branded geography (Hagemann 2010;Pavoni 2011;Frew and McGillivray 2014). Live sites thus form a flexible semiotic, material and affective assemblage, in which the logics of security, branding and entertainment blur; their overlapping is perfectly summarized in the definition of FIFA Fan Fests as 'safe, recognised and exciting environments', as stated by the Organising Committee of the Germany 2006 FIFA World Cup (Frew and McGillivray 2008, 187).…”

Section: Destabilizing Eventsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Resistant legacies

Pavoni

2015

Annals of Leisure Research

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This paper addresses the dialectic between mega events (MEs) and the city, and especially the frictions generated by their encounter, which the current wave of protest and resistance to MEs provides with both a significant expression as well as a locus for conceptual and empirical exploration. First, I introduce the argument by looking at the spatiality of neoliberal capitalism through the abstract form of the urban it presupposes and the concrete affective, material and atmospheric assemblages through which it is actualized in the contemporary city -a process, I argue, which is always problematized by frictions, conflicts and contradictions. Second, I situate this discussion vis-à-vis what Jacob (2013) terms the eventification of urban space and particularly the peculiar contradiction it expresses: namely, that urban space increasingly becomes the locus of both the production and prevention of events -a contradiction whose effects can be most cogently observed in the current erosion of the right to protest in the contemporary city. Third, I introduce the ME as the site in which this dialectic and its contradictions are most forcefully expressed. MEs are the quintessential urban event, at the same time an intense generation of urban 'effervescence' (Durkheim, Emile. 2008. The Elementary Forms of Religious Life. Oxford University Press), and an apparatus aimed at channelling such effervescence into safe and capitalizable expressions. However, this process of 'controlled decontrolling' [Elias and Dunning. 1971. 'Leisure in the Sparetime Spectrum'. In Sociology of Sport, edited by R. Albonic and K. Pfister-Binz. Birkhäuser] is always disjointed by the urban contingency in which it takes place, unintentionally producing frictions that are fraught with political potential. If the notion of legacy, as I suggest, is what cements the late interspersion between MEs and capitalist urbanization, then deconstructing legacy could provide a fresh perspective to explore the relation among MEs, urban space and resistance. Therefore, fourth, I introduce the concept of 'resistant legacies', whereby I propose to address conceptually and empirically the frictions produced by MEs and the impact and legacy they may leave on the social, affective and normative fabric of the city, by suggesting the current wave of ME protests as a promising site for this exploration. Finally, I conclude with some methodological suggestions for future research.

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Section: Destabilizing Eventsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Resistant legacies

Pavoni

2015

Annals of Leisure Research

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“…Adizones are dominated by brand logos and include 'walls of fame' that feature only Adidas endorsed athletes and singers (Duman 2012). Like fanzones and Fan Parks (McGillivray and Frew 2015), these installations allow sponsorship to extend beyond official venues into everyday public spaces (Hagemann 2010). Unlike fanzones, these are permanent features, meaning they constitute a significant way that the 2012 Games has affected the long-term provision of public space.…”

Section: Mega-events As Trojan Horsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The long-term implications of mega-event projects for urban public spaces

Smith

McGillivray

2020

Sport in Society

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An emerging theme within the mega-events literature is the ways they affect the provision, regulation and design of urban public spaces. Parks, streets and squares host competition venues, and are also used for supplementary occasions and facilities associated with hosting megaevents. Using examples from the London 2012 Olympic Games and Glasgow 2014 Commonwealth Games, this paper examines the longterm significance of mega-events for urban public spaces. The paper contends that these events can be used as 'Trojan Horses' , allowing new systems to be introduced under the cover of an event. It also emphasizes how temporary mega-events transform public spaces into venues for subsequent commercial events. Finally, the paper acknowledges more positive legacies, showing how mega-events can change how public space is imagined by users and by those responsible for managing it. Both cases highlight how events influence the ways spaces are used, designed and managed.

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“…Boyle (2012) and Lyon and Murakami Wood (2012) have indicated several aspects and events in which security and surveillance have become more closely connected, both in practice and theory. There is now a considerable body of research addressing risk management in respect of public order and safety, including crowding, fan behaviour, emergency responses, policing, and surveillance of event spaces by security agencies (e.g., Baasch 2009Baasch , 2010Baasch , 2011Boyle and Haggerty 2009a, 2009bEick 2011;Floridis 2004;Haferburg 2011;Haferburg, Golka, and Selter 2009;Haferburg and Steinbrink 2010;Hagemann 2006Hagemann , 2008Hagemann , 2010Hiller 2000Hiller , 2006Klauser 2008b;Molnar and Snider 2011;Samatas 2007Samatas , 2011aSamatas , 2011bToohey 2008;Toohey and Taylor 2008;Toohey, Taylor and Lee 2003;Yu et al 2009). Within this body of research there has been a particular emphasis on anti-terrorism measures and, in the context of the FIFA World Cup, initiatives to monitor and counter so-called hooligan behaviour (Armstrong 1998;Berthoud, Pattaroni, Viot and Kaufmann 2009;Giulianotti 1999;Giulianotti and Armstrong 1998;Lodge 2009, 2011).…”

Section: Securing Event Spacesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The FWC 'field of play' extends beyond the football matches staged in major event venues. Hagemann (2008Hagemann ( , 2010 has pointed out that fan experiences increasingly encompass a range of sites and events within the host city. Inner-city areas and event precincts have been developed and themed as important components of the FWC.…”

Section: Research Context and Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Fifa-isation: Security, brand protection and media management at the 2010 World Cup in South Africa

Eisenhauer

Adair²,

Taylor³

2013

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This paper presents a case-study of spatial brand protection and media management and security strategies at the 2010 Football World Cup (FWC) in South Africa (RSA). This focus stems from the realisation that commercially designated event spaces are very important environments for the interests of FWC sponsors, and that the media has a pivotal role in conveying messages about desirable conduct in such environments. In these respects, stakeholder organisations are concerned about safeguarding core event spaces, and with promoting positive messages about the FWC via the media. The paper therefore investigates the interests of key stakeholders at the 2010 FWC: the event owner Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA), the FWC sponsors and the host city (Cape Town). It is concerned with identifying various surveillance strategies to manage public spaces at the FWC, albeit with a particular emphasis on protecting the interests of sponsors and their brand integrity. It is also concerned with strategies to manage the media at the FWC, with a particular emphasis on how FIFA stymies dissent and forces compliance among reporters and news outlets that undermine critical surveillance into these practices of spatial management. Taken together, these hyper-protectionist approaches demonstrate what we have described as the FIFA-isation of the FWC, where commercial risk is outsourced to the event host, while the commercial benefits flow back to the event owner. Concomitantly, FIFA makes enormous surveillance demands on the event hosts and those residing in the country and city where it is to be held, and upon the media that broadcast and report on the world’s biggest sport mega events.

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From the stadium to the fan zone: host cities in a state of emergency

Cited by 23 publications

References 1 publication

Resistant legacies

Resistant legacies

The long-term implications of mega-event projects for urban public spaces

Fifa-isation: Security, brand protection and media management at the 2010 World Cup in South Africa

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