From subduction to transform motion: a seabeam survey of the Hellenic trench system

Pichon, Xavier Le; Angelier, Jacques; Aubouin, Jean; Lybéris, N.; Monti, S.; Renard, Vincent; Got, H.; Hsu, Ken Yuh; Mart, Yossi; Mascle, J.; Matthews, D. H.; Mitropoulos, D.; Tsoflias, Pandelis; Chronis, Georges

doi:10.1016/0012-821x(79)90082-7

Cited by 79 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…This conclusion is consistent with other interpretations of the steep bathymetric escarpments of the Hellenic Trench System as the surface projections of faults (e.g. Le Pichon et al 1979;Chaumillon & Mascle 1997;Huguen et al 2001;Özbakır et al 2013;Gallen et al 2014).…”

Section: T E C T O N I C S E T T I N G O F R H O D E Ssupporting

confidence: 81%

Late Holocene uplift of Rhodes, Greece: evidence for a large tsunamigenic earthquake and the implications for the tectonics of the eastern Hellenic Trench System

Howell¹,

Jackson²,

England

et al. 2015

Geophys. J. Int.

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S U M M A R YSeveral large earthquakes in the Hellenic subduction zone have been documented in historical records from around the eastern Mediterranean, but the relative seismic quiescence of the region over the period of instrumental observation means that the exact locations of these earthquakes and their tectonic significance are not known. We present AMS radiocarbon dates from uplifted late Holocene palaeoshorelines from the island of Rhodes, showing that uplift is most consistent with a single large (M W ≥ 7.7) reverse-faulting earthquake between about 2000 BC and 200 BC. Analysis of the uplift treating the earthquake as a dislocation in an elastic half-space shows a predominantly reverse-faulting event with a slip vector oblique to the direction of convergence between Rhodes and Nubia. We suggest that the fault responsible for the uplift dips at an angle of 30-60• above the more gently dipping oblique subduction interface. The highly oblique convergence across the eastern Hellenic plate boundary zone appears to be partitioned into reverse slip on faults that strike parallel to the boundary and strike-parallel or oblique slip on the subduction interface. Hydrodynamical simulation of tsunami propagation from a range of tectonically plausible sources suggests that earthquakes on the fault uplifting Rhodes represent a significant tsunami hazard for Rhodes and SW Turkey, and also possibly for Cyprus and the Nile Delta.

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Section: T E C T O N I C S E T T I N G O F R H O D E Ssupporting

confidence: 81%

Late Holocene uplift of Rhodes, Greece: evidence for a large tsunamigenic earthquake and the implications for the tectonics of the eastern Hellenic Trench System

Howell¹,

Jackson²,

England

et al. 2015

Geophys. J. Int.

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“…2) that migrated from the AVAZ to the southwestvergent accretionary system of the External Hellenides in Eocene-Miocene times (38-ca.15 Ma; Jacobshagen et al, 1978). Oligocene-Miocene (post 24 Ma) extension (Le Pichon et al, 1979;Brun and Faccenna, 2008) and related fast cooling were attested only in southeastern Pelagonia (Schermer et al, 1990;Lecassin et al, 2007;Coutand et al, 2014). Basins to the west (Mesohellenic Trough) and east (Axios Basin, Fig.…”

Section: Tectonic Setting and Geological Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…11d and e). Two mechanisms are envisaged for the 33 to 16 Ma extension in central-eastern Pelagonia: (i) local extension above an antiformal stack duplex during continuous underthrusting of the External Hellenides (Ferrière et al, 2004) and (ii) distributed extension during southward rollback of the Hellenic slab (e.g., Le Pichon et al, 1979;Brun and Faccenna, 2008) after the Late Cretaceous-Eocene compression. At ca.…”

Section: Detrital Fission-track Ages Of the Western Avazmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyphase evolution of Pelagonia (northern Greece) revealed by geological and fission-track data

2015

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Abstract. The Pelagonian zone, situated between the External Hellenides/Cyclades to the west and the Axios/Vardar/Almopias zone (AVAZ) and the Rhodope to the east, was involved in late Early Cretaceous and in Late Cretaceous-Eocene orogenic events whose duration and extent are still controversial. This paper constrains their late thermal imprints. New and previously published zircon (ZFT) and apatite (AFT) fission-track ages show cooling below 240 • C of the metamorphic western AVAZ imbricates between 102 and 93-90 Ma, of northern Pelagonia between 86 and 68 Ma, of the eastern AVAZ at 80 Ma and of the western Rhodope at 72 Ma. At the regional scale, this heterogeneous cooling is coeval with subsidence of Late Cretaceous marine basin(s) that unconformably covered the Early Cretaceous (130-110 Ma) thrust system from 100 Ma. Thrusting resumed at 70 Ma in the AVAZ and migrated across Pelagonia to reach the External Hellenides at 40-38 Ma. Renewed thrusting in Pelagonia is attested at 68 Ma by abrupt and rapid cooling below 240 • C and erosion of the gneissic rocks. ZFT and AFT in western and eastern Pelagonia, respectively, testify at ∼ 40 Ma to the latest thermal imprint related to thrusting. Central-eastern Pelagonia cooled rapidly and uniformly from 240 to 80 • C between 24 and 16 Ma in the footwall of a major extensional fault. Extension started even earlier, at ∼ 33 Ma in the western AVAZ. Post-7 Ma rapid cooling is inferred from inverse modeling of AFT lengths. It occurred while E-W normal faults were cutting Pliocene-torecent sediment.

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“…Messinian diapirs in the vicinity of coring site T83-7 are reported by several workers ( Leit6 and Mascle, 1982;Le Pichon et al, 1979;Jongsma et al, 1983;Peters and Huson, 1985) and it seems reasonable to attribute the features in core T83-7 to salt influences. How then can the lack of Na enrichment with depth be explained?…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Interstitial water studies of Late Quaternary Eastern Mediterranean sediments with emphasis on early diagenetic reactions and evaporitic salt influences

Haven¹,

Lange²,

McDuff³

1987

Marine Geology

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Interstitial waters of five piston cores from the Eastern Mediterranean were recovered by shipboard squeezing and analyzed for their major elements. Additionally, organic carbon, CaCO, and HCl extractable Mg were determined in the sediments from these cores. Three cores contain sapropels, which are considered to be the sedimentary expression of anoxic periods during the Quaternary. The pH in the interstitial waters extracted from the sapropels is significantly lower than the pH of the interstitial waters from the surrounding sediment. It is suggested that the low pH in sapropel interstitial waters is induced by bacterial activity. Other dissolved elements are not influenced by these sapropel layers.Core T83-46, taken in the hypersaline anoxic Tyro Basin, shows a strong downward SO., decrease, accompanied by a strong NH, increase. The interstitial water chemistry of the Tyro Basin sediment is attributed to selective leaching of evaporitic salt; first halite dissolution, later followed by gypsum dissolution. The interstitial water chemistry of core T83-45, taken in the adjacent Kretheus Basin, is dominated by diffusive processes, which became important after oxic conditions returned in this formerly anoxic hypersaline basin.

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From subduction to transform motion: a seabeam survey of the Hellenic trench system

Cited by 79 publications

References 3 publications

Late Holocene uplift of Rhodes, Greece: evidence for a large tsunamigenic earthquake and the implications for the tectonics of the eastern Hellenic Trench System

Late Holocene uplift of Rhodes, Greece: evidence for a large tsunamigenic earthquake and the implications for the tectonics of the eastern Hellenic Trench System

Polyphase evolution of Pelagonia (northern Greece) revealed by geological and fission-track data

Interstitial water studies of Late Quaternary Eastern Mediterranean sediments with emphasis on early diagenetic reactions and evaporitic salt influences

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