From pathogenesis to treatment, a systemic review of cardiac lipoma

Abstract

Cardiac lipoma is an uncommon primary cardiac tumor. With the advancement of diagnostic methods and treatment techniques, more cases of cardiac lipomas have been reported and suggest that the entity previously widely thought to display classic features may also show atypical findings. A systemic review of the rare cardiac tumor was done by searching the literature of cardiac lipoma. We endeavor to summarize the clinical features of the rare disease from pathogenesis to treatment. Literature of cardiac lipoma was retrospectively searched through PubMed and 255 cases of cardiac lipoma were included into this analysis. Cardiac lipomas can occur anywhere within the heart, 53.1% were located within the cardiac chambers, 32.5% in the pericardium, 10,7% within the myocardium and 3.7% involved multiple structures. More than half of the reported cardiac lipomas (66%) may be clinically symptomatic, presenting with symptoms ranging from chest discomfort to syncope depending on their size and location as well as extent of myocardial involvement. Noninvasive cardiac imaging has replaced the role of autopsy and cardiothoracic surgery in detection and diagnosis of cardiac lipomas. Most symptomatic patients (83.7%) were treated by resection of cardiac lipomas and 68.3% of asymptomatic patients also underwentprophylactic resection. Overgrowth and myocardial infiltration of lipomas may result in unsuccessful resection. Recurrence of cardiac lipomas was rare but reported in a few cases. The early detection and accurate diagnosis of cardiac lipoma is of great significance in clinical management, to avoid an unfavourable outcome due to overgrowth.

Total endoscopic left ventricle lipoma removal

“…Literature about these rare cardiac tumors is mostly limited to isolated case reports, recently collected in a large systematic review [1]. Of all primary tumors, 0.2 to 0.4% are from cardiac origin.…”

“…Growth is slowly and asymptomatic in its early stages. Up to 57% of patients become symptomatic due to the mass effect on adjacent structures [1]. Echocardiogram is the preferred diagnostic tool LV lipomas: tumor shape and size, adjacent structures and interference with in-and outflow tracts can be evaluated.…”

“…Cardiac lipoma is a rare primary cardiac tumor. Origin in the left ventricle is seen in 33% of cases, with 57% of these cases the primary site being intracavity [1]. Almost two thirds of patients become symptomatic due to the mass effect.…”

Total Endoscopic Left Ventricle Lipoma Removal: A Case Report

“…Growth is slowly and asymptomatic in its early stages. Up to 57% of patients become symptomatic due to the mass effect on adjacent structures (1). Echocardiogram is the preferred diagnostic tool LV lipomas: tumor shape and size, adjacent structures and interference with in-and out ow tracts can be evaluated.…”

Multiple lipomata of the tricuspid valve and papillary muscle: case report

“…There is no difference in the distribution of cardiac lipoma between genders, but it may be more common between 40 and 70 years old. 5 In fact, Lang-Lazdunski et al . 6 reported a huge epicardial lipoma weighing 4850 g that was diagnosed only at autopsy.…”