“…Loss of proteoglycans and cleavage of collagen-2 occurs initially at the surface of articular cartilage, causing an increase in water content and reduced tensile strength of the matrix (Goldring & Goldring, 2007). Chondrocyte clustering is one of the typical features of OA cartilage (Clouet et al, 2009). Chondrocytes initially attempt to synthesize and replace degraded extracellular matrix (ECM) components such as collagen-2, -9, and -11, aggrecan, and pericellular collagen-4 (Buckwalter et al, 2007).…”