From on-road trial evaluation of electric and conventional bicycles to comparison with other urban transport modes: Case study in the city of Lisbon, Portugal

Baptista, Patrícia; Pina, André; Duarte, Gonçalo; Rolim, Catarina; Pereira, Gonçalo; Silva, Carlos; Farias, Tiago L.

doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2014.12.043

Cited by 31 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…gasoline, diesel, LPG) were considered for each link category within the network, as a result of local surveys. In more detail, specific vehicle parameter adaptations from the literature [33] for vehicle dimensions, speed and acceleration profiles were performed to include electric cargo-bikes within the default vehicle typologies, based on real world measurements of these vehicle types performing urban logistics activities.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the impacts of using cargo cycles on urban logistics: integrating traffic, environmental and operational boundaries

Melo

Baptista

2017

Eur. Transp. Res. Rev.

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115

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Introduction European Commission has promoted actions and policies with the aim of reducing the negative impacts on traffic and environment caused by city logistics. One increasingly popular measure is the use of cargo bikes in city logistics due to their improved energy efficiency, lower emissions and lower traffic disturbance. The paper assess the impacts of electric cargo bikes, from a public policy perspective and, simultaneously, taking into account variables that cover the urban logistics operators' interests. Under a public policy perspective, the considered variables evaluate mobility, environmental impacts and indirectly, the quality of life. In terms of private interests, the studied variables cover costs levels (operation and driving) and efficiency. This evaluation aims at clarifying if electric cargo bikes can indeed represent a sustainable mobility policy under specific boundaries, by leading to better environmental and social impacts and not hindering the operational efficiency of urban logistics activities. Methods For that purpose, the measurement of the traffic key performance indicators, as well as of Well-to-Wheel energy and CO 2 emission savings is performed allowing to quantify mobility, reliability and operational efficiency indicators. Several scenarios related with the introduction of electric cargo bikes replacing conventional vans were assessed and evaluated in order to compare the effects of different market shares in the mobility of the studied area located in Porto (Portugal). Acknowledging the short distance range of cargo bikes, the simulation is carried out and an estimation of the total transportation cost is performed, which includes transport and emission cost when the vehicle is driving, emission cost while idling and labor cost. Results The main conclusion is that cargo bikes can replace up to 10% of the conventional vans in areas with maximum linear distances of about 2 km, without changing the overall network efficiency. Additionally, urban logistics WTW CO 2 emission impacts can be reduced by up to 73%, which represents 746 kg of CO 2 avoided emissions. Furthermore, the introduction of electric cargo bikes in urban logistics activities has positive effects for all the vehicle categories and all the scenarios, reaching up to 25% of reductions in external costs. Conclusions As a result, cargo bikes implemented at the appropriate spatial scale within the city can be a sustainable solution for urban logistics, depending on a prior delimitation of the conditions and adequate implementation strategy, to guarantee that it actually leads to improvements in terms of mobility, environment, energy, running costs and externalities.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the impacts of using cargo cycles on urban logistics: integrating traffic, environmental and operational boundaries

Melo

Baptista

2017

Eur. Transp. Res. Rev.

Self Cite

115

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Air pollution caused by different classes of vehicles is discussed in references [17][18][19][20]. In order to reduce the effects of pollution and the dependence on oil, electric vehicles (EVs) should replace conventional cars (diesel and gasoline) in the future [21,22]. The high traffic can be diverted in large cities by opting for smaller EVs (PEVs and LEVs), such as electrical two-wheelers (e.g., e-bikes and e-scooters) that consume and pollute less, instead of heavier vehicles, such as cars and buses [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are Personal Electric Vehicles Sustainable? A Hybrid E-Bike Case Study

Machedon-Pisu

Borza

2019

Sustainability

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As the title suggests, the sustainability of personal electric vehicles is in question. In terms of life span, range, comfort, and safety, electric vehicles, such as e-cars and e-buses, are much better than personal electric vehicles, such as e-bikes. However, electric vehicles present greater costs and increased energy consumption. Also, the impact on environment, health, and fitness is more negative than that of personal electric vehicles. Since transportation vehicles can benefit from hybrid electric storage solutions, we address the following question: Is it possible to reach a compromise between sustainability and technology constraints by implementing a low-cost hybrid personal electric vehicle with improved life span and range that is also green? Our methodology consists of life cycle assessment and performance analyses tackling the facets of the sustainability challenges (economy, society, and environment) and limitations of the electric storage solutions (dependent on technology and application) presented herein. The hybrid electric storage system of the proposed hybrid e-bike is made of batteries, supercapacitors, and corresponding power electronics, allowing the optimal control of power flows between the system's components and application's actuators.Our hybrid e-bike costs less than a normal e-bike (half or less), does not depend on battery operation for short periods of time (a few seconds), has better autonomy than most personal electric vehicles (more than 60 km), has a greater life span (a few years more than a normal e-bike), has better energy efficiency (more than 90%), and is much cleaner due to the reduced number of batteries replaced per life time (one instead of two or three).

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“…Regarding the building sector, the EU Directive 2010/31/EU [4] regulates that all new buildings built from the beginning of 2021 should be nearly zero-energy buildings (ZEBs), while regarding the transportation sector, the EU Directive 2009/33/EC [5] regulates that the purchase of road transport vehicles should take the energy and environmental impacts into account for promoting and stimulating a market of clean and energy-efficient vehicles. In order to cope with these demanding targets and legislations, the technologies for both the buildings and vehicles are under fast development, with significant amount of academic and industrial resources allocated to the development of low-energy/zero-energy building technologies [6][7][8][9] and new energy vehicle technologies [10][11][12][13]. Meanwhile, the author of this paper have noticed that electricbased new energy vehicles start to influence the design and operation of building energy systems, as these new energy vehicles are more often integrated and recharged with the building energy system of customers' own houses or working places, which can be quite conveniently accessed to than public recharging stations [14][15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the energy and environmental impact by integrating a H 2 vehicle and an electric vehicle into a zero-energy building

Cao

2016

Energy Conversion and Management

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From on-road trial evaluation of electric and conventional bicycles to comparison with other urban transport modes: Case study in the city of Lisbon, Portugal

Cited by 31 publications

References 23 publications

Evaluating the impacts of using cargo cycles on urban logistics: integrating traffic, environmental and operational boundaries

Evaluating the impacts of using cargo cycles on urban logistics: integrating traffic, environmental and operational boundaries

Are Personal Electric Vehicles Sustainable? A Hybrid E-Bike Case Study

Comparison of the energy and environmental impact by integrating a H 2 vehicle and an electric vehicle into a zero-energy building

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