From obesity to diabetes and cancer: epidemiological links and role of therapies

García-Jiménez, Custodia; Gutiérrez-Salmerón, María Teresa; Chocarro-Calvo, Ana; García-Martínez, José Manuel; Castaño, Ángel; Vieja, Antonio De la

doi:10.1038/bjc.2016.37

Cited by 144 publications

(109 citation statements)

References 42 publications

(54 reference statements)

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“…Numerous studies demonstrate that MS predisposing to different chronic disease characteristics of western countries like non-insulin dependent diabetes (NIDS) [6], psoriasis [7], obesity [8], cardiovascular diseases (CVD) [9, 10], osteoarthritis [11], neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer syndrome [12], the most common hormone-dependent tumours like breast [13] and prostate [14], as well as pancreas [15], colorectal cancer [16] and hepatocellular carcinoma [17]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic syndrome, endocrine disruptors and prostate cancer associations: biochemical and pathophysiological evidences

et al. 2017

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This review summarizes the main pathophysiological basis of the relationship between metabolic syndrome, endocrine disruptor exposure and prostate cancer that is the most common cancer among men in industrialized countries. Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of metabolic and hormonal factors having a central role in the initiation and recurrence of many western chronic diseases including hormonal-related cancers and it is considered as the worlds leading health problem in the coming years. Many biological factors correlate metabolic syndrome to prostate cancer and this review is aimed to focus, principally, on growth factors, cytokines, adipokines, central obesity, endocrine abnormalities and exposure to specific endocrine disruptors, a cluster of chemicals, to which we are daily exposed, with a hormone-like structure influencing oncogenes, tumor suppressors and proteins with a key role in metabolism, cell survival and chemo-resistance of prostate cancer cells. Finally, this review will analyze, from a molecular point of view, how specific foods could reduce the relative risk of incidence and recurrence of prostate cancer or inhibit the biological effects of endocrine disruptors on prostate cancer cells. On the basis of these considerations, prostate cancer remains a great health problem in terms of incidence and prevalence and interventional studies based on the treatment of metabolic syndrome in cancer patients, minimizing exposure to endocrine disruptors, could be a key point in the overall management of this disease.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic syndrome, endocrine disruptors and prostate cancer associations: biochemical and pathophysiological evidences

et al. 2017

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“…Certainly, physical activity has been linked to a lower risk of PCa-specific death [97], and increasing evidence suggests a complex relationship between obesity, diabetes and PCa [98]. Given this association, it may also be appropriate to assess cardiovascular risk in these patients, and prescribe prophylactic medication where necessary.…”

Section: Other Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of Biochemical Recurrence after Primary Curative Treatment for Prostate Cancer: A Review

et al. 2017

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How to manage patients with prostate cancer (PCa) with biochemical recurrence (BCR) following primary curative treatment is a controversial issue. Importantly, this prostate-specific antigen (PSA)-only recurrence is a surrogate neither of PCa-specific survival nor of overall survival. Physicians are therefore challenged with preventing or delaying the onset of clinical progression in those deemed at risk, while avoiding over-treating patients whose disease may never progress beyond PSA-only recurrence. Adjuvant therapy for radical prostatectomy (RP) or local radiotherapy (RT) has a role in certain at-risk patients, although it is not recommended in low-risk PCa owing to the significant side-effects associated with RT and androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). The recommendations for salvage therapy differ depending on whether BCR occurs after RP or primary RT, and in either case, definitive evidence regarding the best strategy is lacking. Options for treatment of BCR after RP are RT at least to the prostatic bed, complete or intermittent ADT, or observation; for BCR after RT, salvage RP, cryotherapy, complete or intermittent ADT, brachytherapy, high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU), or observation can be considered. Many patient- and cancer-specific factors need to be taken into account when deciding on the best strategy, and optimal management depends on the involvement of a multidisciplinary team, consultation with the patient themselves, and the adoption of an individualised approach. Improvements in imaging techniques may enable earlier detection of metastases, which will hopefully refine future management decisions.

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“…High body mass index has some degree of heritability, but is also influenced by lifestyle and environment (1-4). High body mass index and excess adiposity likely contribute to disease risk through a variety of biological pathways, which may include epigenetic processes such as alterations in DNA methylation patterns (5, 6). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An epigenome-wide study of body mass index and DNA methylation in blood using participants from the Sister Study cohort

Wilson

Harlid

et al. 2016

Int J Obes

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Background/Objectives The relationship between obesity and chronic disease risk is well-established; the underlying biological mechanisms driving this risk increase may include obesity-related epigenetic modifications. To explore this hypothesis, we conducted a genome-wide analysis of DNA methylation and body mass index (BMI) using data from a subset of women in the Sister Study. Subjects/Methods The Sister Study is a cohort of 50,884 U.S. women who had a sister with breast cancer but were free of breast cancer themselves at enrollment. Study participants completed examinations which included measurements of height and weight, and provided blood samples. Blood DNA methylation data generated with the Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation27 BeadChip array covering 27,589 CpG sites was available for 871 women from a prior study of breast cancer and DNA methylation. To identify differentially methylated CpG sites associated with body mass index, we analyzed this methylation data using robust linear regression with adjustment for age and case status. For those CpGs passing the false discovery rate significance level, we examined the association in a replication set comprised of a non-overlapping group of 187 women from the Sister Study who had DNA methylation data generated using the Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip array. Analysis of this expanded 450K array identified additional BMI-associated sites which were investigated with targeted pyrosequencing. Results Four CpG sites reached genome-wide significance (FDR q<0.05) in the discovery set and associations for all four were significant at strict Bonferroni correction in the replication set. An additional 23 sites passed FDR in the replication set and 5 were replicated by pyrosequencing in the discovery set. Several of the genes identified including ANGPT4, RORC, SOCS3, FSD2, XYLT1, ABCG1, STK39, ASB2, and CRHR2 have been linked to obesity and obesity-related chronic diseases. Conclusions Our findings support the hypothesis that obesity-related epigenetic differences are detectable in blood and may be related to risk of chronic disease.

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From obesity to diabetes and cancer: epidemiological links and role of therapies

Cited by 144 publications

References 42 publications

Metabolic syndrome, endocrine disruptors and prostate cancer associations: biochemical and pathophysiological evidences

Metabolic syndrome, endocrine disruptors and prostate cancer associations: biochemical and pathophysiological evidences

Management of Biochemical Recurrence after Primary Curative Treatment for Prostate Cancer: A Review

An epigenome-wide study of body mass index and DNA methylation in blood using participants from the Sister Study cohort

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