From Neurons to Brain: Adaptive Self-Wiring of Neurons

Segev, Ronen; Ben‐Jacob, Eshel

doi:10.1142/s0219525998000053

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…used by amoebae is used also by the nervous system for neurite navigation, with the ability to generate spiral waves of cAMP (Segev & Ben-Jacob 1998, 2000.…”

Section: (B) From°agella Handedness To Chiral Branchingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial self–organization: co–enhancement of complexification and adaptability in a dynamic environment

Ben‐Jacob

2003

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Seri

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142

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During colonial development, bacteria generate a wealth of patterns, some of which are reminiscent of those occurring in abiotic systems. They can exhibit rich behaviour, reflecting informative communication capabilities that include exchange of genetic materials and the fact that the colony's building blocks are biotic. Each has internal degrees of freedom, informatic capabilities and freedom to respond by altering itself and others via emission of signals in a self-regulated manner. To unravel the special secrets of bacterial self-organization, we conducted an integrative (experimental and theoretical) study of abiotic and biotic systems. Guided by the notion of general biotic motives and principles, I propose that the informative communication between individuals makes possible the enhancement of the individuals' regulated freedom, while increasing their cooperation. This process is accomplished via cooperative complexification of the colony through self-organization of hierarchical spatio-temporal patterning. The colonial higher complexity provides the degree of plasticity and flexibility required for better colonial adaptability and endurability in a dynamic environment. The biotic system can modify the environment and obtain environmental information for further self-improvement. I reflect on the potential applications of the new understanding on 'engineered self-organization of systems too complex to design' and other issues.

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“…used by amoebae is used also by the nervous system for neurite navigation, with the ability to generate spiral waves of cAMP (Segev & Ben-Jacob 1998, 2000.…”

Section: (B) From°agella Handedness To Chiral Branchingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial self–organization: co–enhancement of complexification and adaptability in a dynamic environment

Ben‐Jacob

2003

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Seri

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142

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“…Our model of self-wiring is inspired by communicating walkers model used in the study of complex patterning of bacterial colonies. We have developed Ben-Jacob, 1998b, Segev andBen-Jacob, 1998a] a simple model to reproduce the salient features of the 2D systems. We represent the neurons (each composed of cell's soma, neurites and growth cones) by simple active elements that capture the generic features of the real neurons.…”

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confidence: 99%

Generic modeling of chemotactic based self-wiring of neural networks

Segev¹,

Ben‐Jacob²

2000

Neural Networks

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The proper functioning of the nervous system depends critically on the intricate network of synaptic connections that are generated during the system development. During the network formation, the growth cones migrate through the embryonic environment to their targets using chemical communication. A major obstacle in the elucidation of fundamental principles underlying this self-wiring is the complexity of the system being analyzed. Hence much effort is devoted to in vitro experiments of simpler (two-dimensional) 2D model systems. In these experiments neurons are placed on Poly-L-Lysine (PLL) surfaces, so it is easier to monitor their self-wiring. We developed a model to reproduce the salient features of the 2D systems, inspired by the study of the growth of bacterial colonies and the aggregation of amoebae. We represent the neurons (each composed of cell's soma, neurites and growth cones) by active elements that capture the generic features of the real neurons. The model also incorporates stationary units representing the cells' soma and communicating walkers representing the growth cones. The stationary units send neurites one at a time, and respond to chemical signaling. The walkers migrate in response to chemotaxis substances emitted by the soma and communicate with each other and with the soma by means of chemotactic "feedback". The interplay between the chemo-repulsive and chemo-attractive responses is determined by the dynamics of the walker's internal energy which is controlled by the soma. These features enable the neurons to perform the complex task of self-wiring. We present numerical experiments of the model to demonstrate its ability to form fine structures in simple networks of few neurons. Our results raise two fundamental issues: (1) one needs to develop characterization methods (beyond number of connections per neuron) to distinguish the various possible networks; (2) what are the relations between the network organization and its computational properties and efficiency?

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“…The basic communication model described above can be extended to describe the selfassembing/self -wiring of networks, as it was found e.g. in neuronal networks [48]. Networks consists of nodes and links to connect them.…”

Section: Self-assembling Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

An agent-based framework of active matter with applications in biological and social systems

Schweitzer

2018

Eur. J. Phys.

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Active matter, as other types of self-organizing systems, relies on the take-up of energy that can be used for different activities, such as active motion or structure formation. Here we provide an agent-based framework to model these processes at different levels of organization, physical, biological and social, using the same dynamic approach. Driving variables describe the take-up, storage and conversion of energy, whereas driven variables describe the energy consuming activities. The stochastic dynamics of both types of variables follow a modified Langevin equation. Additional non-linear functions allow to encode system-specific hypotheses about the relation between driving and driven variables. To demonstrate the applicability of this framework, we recast a number of existing models of Brownian agents and Active Brownian Particles. Specifically, active motion, clustering and self-wiring of networks based on chemotactic interactions, online communication and polarization of opinions based on emotional influence are discussed. The framework allows to obtain critical parameters for active motion and the emergence of collective phenomena. This highlights the role of energy take-up and dissipation in obtaining different dynamic regimes. An agent-based framework of active matter with applications in biological and social systems European Journal of Physics (Revised submission) Some historical remarks. To put the recent research about active matter into perspective, it is useful to remind on some relations to existing scientific paradigms. The systemic capabilities of active matter to develop and to maintain coherent structures, or collective states, based on the input and the conversion of energy were previously described using the term self-organization. It was heuristically defined as the "spontaneous formation, evolution and differentiation of complex order structures forming in non-linear dynamic systems by way of feedback mechanisms involving the elements of the systems, when these systems have passed a critical distance from the statical equilibrium as a result of the influx of unspecific energy, matter or information." [40]. The physics of self-organization and evolution [13] has made fundamental contributions to the scientific understanding of self-organizing systems -the thermodynamics of irreversible processes, deterministic and stochastic models of nonlinear dynamics, the theory of reaction-diffusion processes, information-theoretical approaches to sequences, to name just a few.While self-organization could be seen as the leading paradigm of the 1970th and 1980th, it was gradually replaced by complex systems as the leading paradigm after the year 1990. This development came along with a shifting focus. Self-organization and pattern formation could be well described on the macroscopic or systemic level, for example by coupled partial differential equations. With complex systems, i.e. systems composed of a large number of (strongly) interacting elements, the focus was more on the emergence of systemic pro...

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From Neurons to Brain: Adaptive Self-Wiring of Neurons

Cited by 7 publications

References 16 publications

Bacterial self–organization: co–enhancement of complexification and adaptability in a dynamic environment

Bacterial self–organization: co–enhancement of complexification and adaptability in a dynamic environment

Generic modeling of chemotactic based self-wiring of neural networks

An agent-based framework of active matter with applications in biological and social systems

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