From Multilocus Enzyme Electrophoresis to Multilocus Sequence Typing

Caugant, Dominique A.

doi:10.1016/b978-044450740-2/50013-7

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 213 publications

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“…MLST [17,18] was used to analyse the genetic relationship between two E. faecium isolates with different ribotypes, and with other strains isolated previously from outbreaks in different hospitals in the same geographical area [8,19]. These isolates were also analysed by PFGE as described previously [19].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outbreak of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus spp. in an Italian general intensive care unit

Peta

Carretto

Barbarini

et al. 2006

Clinical Microbiology and Infection

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Following the identification of two clinical isolates of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) from intensive care unit (ICU) patients, a surveillance programme detected that six of eight ICU patients were colonised by VRE. Standard epidemic control measures were instituted in the ICU. During a 16-month period, 13 (2.5%) of 509 ICU patients had VRE-positive swabs upon admission, and 43 (8.7%) of 496 VRE-negative patients were colonised by VRE in the ICU. Patients who acquired VRE in the ICU had a longer ICU stay (p < 0.0001). No other statistically significant differences were demonstrated. Two patients had documented infection (infection/colonisation index, 3.6%; overall VRE infection frequency, 0.4%), but both recovered and were discharged. VRE colonisation did not increase the mortality rate. Automated ribotyping identified three clusters containing, respectively, the first 52 Enterococcus faecium isolates, two Enterococcus faecalis isolates, and two further isolates of E. faecium. Multilocus sequence typing demonstrated that two E. faecium isolates representative of the two ribotypes belonged to sequence types 78 and 18, and that these two isolates belonged to the epidemic lineage C1, which includes isolates with a wide circulation in northern Italy. The outbreak was controlled by continuous implementation of the infection control programme, and by the opening of a new unit with an improved structural design and hand-washing facilities.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outbreak of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus spp. in an Italian general intensive care unit

Peta

Carretto

Barbarini

et al. 2006

Clinical Microbiology and Infection

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Biodiversity of Vibrios

Thompson

Iida

Swings

2004

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

1,062

888

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Vibrios are ubiquitous and abundant in the aquatic environment. A high abundance of vibrios is also detected in tissues and/or organs of various marine algae and animals, e.g., abalones, bivalves, corals, fish, shrimp, sponges, squid, and zooplankton. Vibrios harbour a wealth of diverse genomes as revealed by different genomic techniques including amplified fragment length polymorphism, multilocus sequence typing, repetetive extragenic palindrome PCR, ribotyping, and whole-genome sequencing. The 74 species of this group are distributed among four different families, i.e., Enterovibrionaceae, Photobacteriaceae, Salinivibrionaceae, and Vibrionaceae. Two new genera, i.e., Enterovibrio norvegicus and Grimontia hollisae, and 20 novel species, i.e., Enterovibrio coralii, Photobacterium eurosenbergii, V. brasiliensis, V. chagasii, V. coralliillyticus, V. crassostreae, V. fortis, V. gallicus, V. hepatarius, V. hispanicus, V. kanaloaei, V. neonatus, V. neptunius, V. pomeroyi, V. pacinii, V. rotiferianus, V. superstes, V. tasmaniensis, V. ezurae, and V. xuii, have been described in the last few years. Comparative genome analyses have already revealed a variety of genomic events, including mutations, chromosomal rearrangements, loss of genes by decay or deletion, and gene acquisitions through duplication or horizontal transfer (e.g., in the acquisition of bacteriophages, pathogenicity islands, and super-integrons), that are probably important driving forces in the evolution and speciation of vibrios. Whole-genome sequencing and comparative genomics through the application of, e.g., microarrays will facilitate the investigation of the gene repertoire at the species level. Based on such new genomic information, the taxonomy and the species concept for vibrios will be reviewed in the next years

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From Multilocus Enzyme Electrophoresis to Multilocus Sequence Typing

Cited by 2 publications

References 213 publications

Outbreak of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus spp. in an Italian general intensive care unit

Outbreak of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus spp. in an Italian general intensive care unit

Biodiversity of Vibrios

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