From Legal Contracts to Formal Specifications: A Systematic Literature Review

Soavi, Michele; Zeni, Nicola; Mylopoulos, John; Mich, Luisa

doi:10.1007/s42979-022-01228-4

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…Formal methods [42,43] are procedures based on mathematical models for the design of software and hardware systems. Unlike other design systems, formal methods use mathematical proof as a complement to system testing to ensure correct behaviour.…”

Section: Formal Specifcations and Behaviour Of The Aacmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive Access Control Mechanism (AACM) for Enterprise Cloud Computing

Kaur

Verma

2023

Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering

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Enterprise cloud computing provides various services to enterprises, but access to these services is controlled by a firewall. The firewall determines the actions and operations a legitimate user can perform on the available resources. Access control policies allow or restrict access to resources, and they also keep a record of attempted access. In the role-based access control model, access to resources is based on a user’s role in the enterprise. As resources are limited, the policy manager has to create policies that optimize resource availability to different roles to improve overall resource utilization. However, this optimization is challenging without prior knowledge of user behaviour and resource requirements for each role. Due to insufficient knowledge, some resources may be available to the wrong roles, while others may be required by other roles but are inaccessible. This results in decreased resource utilization, requiring the redefinition of access control policies with optimal resource availability. The optimal allocation of resources can be achieved by analyzing user behaviour under different roles. The study proposes a novel method for access control that utilizes role profiling and redefines access control policies for different roles to optimize resource availability. Formal methods are employed to ensure accurate system behaviour in software and hardware systems. Formal specifications provide a high-level representation of system behaviour and characteristics. This paper proposes formal specifications using the “Z” language to ensure accurate system behaviour in access control mechanisms. The proposed mechanism is implemented in a simulated environment and validated using four variants of the recommender approach. The study concludes that the proposed mechanism consistently enhances operational capability, minimizing over- and under-allocation of resources to roles and improving overall resource utilization within the enterprise. The proposed method is beneficial in dynamic environments where the system must adapt to evolving scenarios.

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Section: Formal Specifcations and Behaviour Of The Aacmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive Access Control Mechanism (AACM) for Enterprise Cloud Computing

Kaur

Verma

2023

Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering

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“…Unlike the Unified approach, in the OOAD approaches the process of software development is not seamless and involves several notations (natural language, UML, possibly formal languages). (Yue et al 2015;Anda & Amyot 2020;Soavi et al 2021;von Olberg & Strey 2022) propose methods for conversion between notations. However, the process of conversion is prone to errors and its outcome is never 100% correct As a result, the source code cannot be statically verified against the requirements.…”

Section: Seamlessnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Object-Oriented Requirements: a Unified Framework for Specifications, Scenarios and Tests.

Naumcheva¹,

Naumchev²,

Bruel³

et al. 2023

JOT

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A paradox of requirements specifications as dominantly practiced in the industry is that they often claim to be object-oriented (OO) but largely rely on procedural (non-OO) techniques. Use cases and user stories describe functional flows, not object types. To gain the benefits provided by object technology (such as extendibility, reusability, and reliability), requirements should instead take advantage of the same data abstraction concepts -classes, inheritance, information hidingas OO design and OO programs.Many people find use cases and user stories appealing because of the simplicity and practicality of the concepts. Can we reconcile requirements with object-oriented principles and get the best of both worlds?This article proposes a unified framework. It shows that the concept of class is general enough to describe not only "object" in a narrow sense but also scenarios such as use cases and user stories and other important artifacts such as test cases and oracles.Having a single framework opens the way to requirements that enjoy the benefits of both approaches: like use cases and user stories, they reflect the practical views of stakeholders; like object-oriented requirements, they lend themselves to evolution and reuse.

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“…This usability issue was identified to be one of the main requirement of expert systems building tools (e.g., Novotná and Libal, 2022 ). Nevertheless, most such tools fail in achieving this goal (Soavi et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Legal linguistic templates and the tension between legal knowledge representation and reasoning

Libal

2023

Front. Artif. Intell.

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There is an inherent tension between knowledge representation and reasoning. For an optimal representation and validation, an expressive language should be used. For an optimal automated reasoning, a simple one is preferred. Which language should we choose for our legal knowledge representation if our goal is to apply automated legal reasoning? In this paper, we investigate the properties and requirements of each of these two applications. We suggest that by using Legal Linguistic Templates, one can solve the above tension in some practical situations.

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From Legal Contracts to Formal Specifications: A Systematic Literature Review

Cited by 6 publications

References 93 publications

Adaptive Access Control Mechanism (AACM) for Enterprise Cloud Computing

Adaptive Access Control Mechanism (AACM) for Enterprise Cloud Computing

Object-Oriented Requirements: a Unified Framework for Specifications, Scenarios and Tests.

Legal linguistic templates and the tension between legal knowledge representation and reasoning

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