From Klebsiella pneumoniae Colonization to Dissemination: An Overview of Studies Implementing Murine Models

Abstract

Klebsiella pneumoniae is a Gram-negative pathogen responsible for community-acquired and nosocomial infections. The strains of this species belong to the opportunistic group, which is comprised of the multidrug-resistant strains, or the hypervirulent group, depending on their accessory genome, which determines bacterial pathogenicity and the host immune response. The aim of this survey is to present an overview of the murine models mimicking K. pneumoniae infectious processes (i.e., gastrointestinal colonization, urinary, pulmonary, and systemic infections), and the bacterial functions deployed to colonize and disseminate into the host. These in vivo approaches are pivotal to develop new therapeutics to limit K. pneumoniae infections via a modulation of the immune responses and/or microbiota.

Genetic Background and Antibiotic Resistance Profiles of K. pneumoniae NDM-1 Strains Isolated from UTI, ABU, and the GI Tract, from One Hospital in Poland, in Relation to Strains Nationally and Worldwide

“…In recent years, there have been numerous reports of epidemic outbreaks caused by MDR K. pneumoniae strains [65][66][67]. The first stage of our research was to assess the epidemic situation in the Department of Nephrology, Transplantology, and Internal Medicine, considering either commensal strains carried by the patient or strains of hospital origin.…”

The Gastrointestinal Load of Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriacea Is Associated With the Transition From Colonization to Infection by Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolates Harboring the blaKPC Gene

“…Although virulence factors are necessary for the establishment of infections, they alone do not explain the progression from colonization to infection as recently reported (Joseph et al, 2021). For instance, siderophore yersiniobactin, encoded by ybt genes, are commonly present in strains involved with infections but their presence does not explain this progression (Joseph et al, 2021). Recently, the extent of intestinal colonization has emerged as a risk factor for the transition from colonization to infection (Tacconelli et al, 2019;Ramos-Ramos et al, 2020).…”

“…Gastrointestinal carriage contributes to the spread of K. pneumoniae lineages in the hospital environment and to the development of infections (Lerner et al, 2015;Joseph et al, 2021;Laźaro-Perona et al, 2021;Falcone et al, 2022). Although virulence factors are necessary for the establishment of infections, they alone do not explain the progression from colonization to infection as recently reported (Joseph et al, 2021). For instance, siderophore yersiniobactin, encoded by ybt genes, are commonly present in strains involved with infections but their presence does not explain this progression (Joseph et al, 2021).…”

“…Gastrointestinal carriage contributes to the spread of K. pneumoniae lineages in the hospital environment and to the development of infections ( Lerner et al., 2015 ; Joseph et al., 2021 ; Lázaro-Perona et al., 2021 ; Falcone et al., 2022 ). Although virulence factors are necessary for the establishment of infections, they alone do not explain the progression from colonization to infection as recently reported ( Joseph et al., 2021 ). For instance, siderophore yersiniobactin, encoded by ybt genes, are commonly present in strains involved with infections but their presence does not explain this progression ( Joseph et al., 2021 ).…”

Klebsiella pneumoniae L-Fucose metabolism promotes gastrointestinal colonization and modulates its virulence determinants

“…Historically, mouse models of K. pneumoniae gut colonization have relied on antibiotic pre-treatment that depletes the resident gut microbiota and reduces CR (12, 31). Consequently, a decline in microbiota complexity allows K. pneumoniae to overcome CR, but it hinders our ability to provide a molecular understanding of pathogen-microbiome interactions.…”