From Isovists via Mental Representations to Behaviour: First Steps toward Closing the Causal Chain

Meilinger, T; Franz, Gérald; Bülthoff, HH

doi:10.1068/b34048t

Cited by 44 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Both the Landmark-in-Context and the Landmark-Only test showed that participants (young and old) performed best when presented with landmark objects from decision points that required moving straight on as opposed to making a turn. These results are consistent with the “when in doubts follow your nose strategy,” first described in the context of exploration behavior (Dalton, 2003) and later applied to route learning (Meilinger et al, 2012, 2014). This strategy states that the default movement direction at intersections is straight.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

The Effects of Attentional Engagement on Route Learning Performance in a Virtual Environment: An Aging Study

Hartmeyer

Grzeschik

Wolbers

et al. 2017

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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Route learning is a common navigation task affected by cognitive aging. Here we present a novel experimental paradigm to investigate whether age-related declines in executive control of attention contributes to route learning deficits. A young and an older participant group was repeatedly presented with a route through a virtual maze comprised of 12 decision points (DP) and non-decision points (non-DP). To investigate attentional engagement with the route learning task, participants had to respond to auditory probes at both DP and non-DP. Route knowledge was assessed by showing participants screenshots or landmarks from DPs and non-DPs and asking them to indicate the movement direction required to continue the route. Results demonstrate better performance for DPs than for non-DPs and slower responses to auditory probes at DPs compared to non-DPs. As expected we found slower route learning and slower responses to the auditory probes in the older participant group. Interestingly, differences in response times to the auditory probes between DPs and non-DPs can predict the success of route learning in both age groups and may explain slower knowledge acquisition in the older participant group.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

The Effects of Attentional Engagement on Route Learning Performance in a Virtual Environment: An Aging Study

Hartmeyer

Grzeschik

Wolbers

et al. 2017

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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“…Furthermore, several studies suggest that properties of the visual field play an important role in how complexity (Franz & Wiener, 2008;Meilinger, Franz, & Bülthoff, 2012), spaciousness (Stamps, 2009), and orientation (Conroy et al, 2010;Wiener et al, 2011) are perceived, to name just a few.…”

Section: State Of the Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geostatistical Analysis for the Study of Relationships between the Emotional Responses of Urban Walkers to Urban Spaces

Hijazi

König

Schneider

et al. 2016

International Journal of E-Planning Research

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The described study aims to find correlations between urban spatial configurations and human emotions. To this end, the authors measured people's emotions while they walk along a path in an urban area using an instrument that measures skin conductance and skin temperature. The corresponding locations of the test persons were measured recorded by using a GPS-tracker (n=13). The results are interpreted and categorized as measures for positive and negative emotional arousal. To evaluate the technical and methodological process. The test results offer initial evidence that certain spaces or spatial sequences do cause positive or negative emotional arousal while others are relatively neutral. To achieve the goal of the study, the outcome was used as a basis for the study of testing correlations between people's emotional responses and urban spatial configurations represented by Isovist properties of the urban form. By using their model the authors can explain negative emotional arousal for certain places, but they couldn't find a model to predict emotional responses for individual spatial configurations.

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“…Since the 1970s, architects, planners and urban designers have attempted to develop methods for the analysis of the visual properties of space that relate to mental maps and wayfinding (Meilinger, Franz, and Bülthoff, 2012). Many of these have relied on studies of human experience to produce results (Baskaya, Wilson, and Özcan 2004;Werner 2004;Wiener and Franz 2005;Wiener et al 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wayfinding: a method for the empirical evaluation of structural saliency using 3D Isovists

Bhatia

Chalup

Ostwald

2013

Architectural Science Review

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The presence of locations that possess distinct spatial-cognitive features (salient landmarks) is a fundamental necessity for supporting navigation. Embedding formal or structural variability sufficient to create such landmark locations is therefore an important consideration in the design of large urban and architectural spaces. Despite the availability of diverse theories that seek to identify the characteristics of 'a salient landmark', relatively few experimental techniques are available to empirically evaluate saliency in a given architecture plan. This study is therefore motivated by the development of an ability to measure spatial distinctiveness during the architectural design and modelling process. The information from such an analysis can prove useful for evaluating the way in which a design provides support for wayfinding and spatial appeal. Statistical summaries obtained from the three-dimensional (3D) isovists are compared using principal component analysis to differentiate monotonous regions from the more structurally distinct ones. The experiments reported in the paper demonstrate novel utilization of the isovist concept to capture spatial properties and comparison of structural saliency among two well-known architectural designs. Central contributions of the paper include the novel experimentation technique of capturing and utilizing 3D isovists, its interpretation and the quantitative methodology behind saliency computation.

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From Isovists via Mental Representations to Behaviour: First Steps toward Closing the Causal Chain

Cited by 44 publications

References 29 publications

The Effects of Attentional Engagement on Route Learning Performance in a Virtual Environment: An Aging Study

The Effects of Attentional Engagement on Route Learning Performance in a Virtual Environment: An Aging Study

Geostatistical Analysis for the Study of Relationships between the Emotional Responses of Urban Walkers to Urban Spaces

Wayfinding: a method for the empirical evaluation of structural saliency using 3D Isovists

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