From Genes to Ecosystems: The Genetic Basis of Condensed Tannins and Their Role in Nutrient Regulation in a Populus Model System

Schweitzer, Jennifer A.; Madritch, Michael D.; Bailey, Joseph K.; LeRoy, Carri J.; Fischer, Dylan G.; Rehill, Brian J.; Lindroth, Richard L.; Hagerman, Ann; Wooley, Stuart C.; Hart, Stephen C.; Whitham, Thomas G.

doi:10.1007/s10021-008-9173-9

Cited by 170 publications

(145 citation statements)

References 111 publications

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“…Foliar and soil traits varied according to aspen genet identity across landscapes, consistent with smaller-scaled studies demonstrating variation in such traits among genotypes of aspen and other Populus species [14,41,59,61]. Unique to this study was that the influence of aspen genet on foliar and below-ground traits was apparent at broad spatial scales that spanned large amounts of environmental variation.…”

Section: (A) Genetic Mosaics Of Ecosystem Functioningsupporting

confidence: 82%

Imaging spectroscopy links aspen genotype with below-ground processes at landscape scales

Madritch

Kingdon²,

Singh³

et al. 2014

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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Fine-scale biodiversity is increasingly recognized as important to ecosystemlevel processes. Remote sensing technologies have great potential to estimate both biodiversity and ecosystem function over large spatial scales. Here, we demonstrate the capacity of imaging spectroscopy to discriminate among genotypes of Populus tremuloides (trembling aspen), one of the most genetically diverse and widespread forest species in North America. We combine imaging spectroscopy (AVIRIS) data with genetic, phytochemical, microbial and biogeochemical data to determine how intraspecific plant genetic variation influences below-ground processes at landscape scales. We demonstrate that both canopy chemistry and below-ground processes vary over large spatial scales (continental) according to aspen genotype. Imaging spectrometer data distinguish aspen genotypes through variation in canopy spectral signature. In addition, foliar spectral variation correlates well with variation in canopy chemistry, especially condensed tannins. Variation in aspen canopy chemistry, in turn, is correlated with variation in below-ground processes. Variation in spectra also correlates well with variation in soil traits. These findings indicate that forest tree species can create spatial mosaics of ecosystem functioning across large spatial scales and that these patterns can be quantified via remote sensing techniques. Moreover, they demonstrate the utility of using optical properties as proxies for fine-scale measurements of biodiversity over large spatial scales.

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Section: (A) Genetic Mosaics Of Ecosystem Functioningsupporting

confidence: 82%

Imaging spectroscopy links aspen genotype with below-ground processes at landscape scales

Madritch

Kingdon²,

Singh³

et al. 2014

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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“…Como as plantas, que apesar de imóveis são organismos dinâmicos, o esperado é que o acúmulo de polifenóis varie ao longo das estações do ano, pois o conteúdo polifenólico é dependente de fatores intrínsecos (genéticos) e extrínsecos -ambientais (Fratianni et al 2007) variando diante de diversas situações, como o tipo de órgão da planta (Falleh et al 2008), fase do desenvolvimento vegetal (Schweitzer et al 2008), local de cultivo ou ocorrência e entre as diferentes estações do ano (Bussotti et al 1998, Ma et al 2003, Brooks & Feeny 2004. As variações do conteúdo polifenólico são definidas por base genética que é fortemente afetada pelas condições seja do ambiente .…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…Dessa forma, os raros estudos sobre variação sazonal de polifenóis têm indicado que as alterações climáticas que ocorrem ao longo do ano, principalmente aquelas relacionadas à quantidade de precipitação e variação de temperatura, induzem alterações no fenótipo da planta que altera seu padrão de produção de polifenóis para se adequar a cada situação, como excesso ou carência de água (Ma et al 2003, Brooks & Feeny 2004. As implicações ecológicas das variações do padrão de produção de polifenóis, mais especificamente de taninos condensados, são inúmeras e pouco compreendidas (Bailey et al 2006, Schweitzer et al 2008.…”

Section: 17unclassified

Anatomia de folha e caule e quantificação espectrofotométrica de fenóis totais e taninos da erva-de-bicho (Polygonum acre Kunth var. aquatile Meisn.)

Lima¹,

Tavares²,

Moreira³

et al. 2009

Rev. bras. Bot.

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-(Leaf and stem anatomy and spectrophotometric quantification of total phenolics and tannins of erva-de-bichoPolygonum acre Kunth var. aquatile Meisn.). Polygonum acre Kunth var. aquatile Meisn., a medicinal plant, was studied with the purpose of selecting useful characteristics for fragmented plant identification as well as to contribute to the botanical study of the species. Usual anatomical analysis was used and total phenolics, condensed and galic tannins were quantified. The comparison with bibliographic data allowed to select some characteristics to help the identification of P. acre: 1) absence of well defined endodermis with Casparian strips on the stem in accordance with others species of the Polygonum genus; 2) numerous multicellular trichomes on the ocrea and secretory cavities only in abaxial epidermis; 3) fibers on the interior of the xylem from the stem; 4) inverted bundle in midrib and 5) lignified protuberances in the edge of the leaf. The quantification of total phenolics and tannins from P. acre shows remarkable amounts of condensed tannins, but no hydrolysable tannins were detected.Key words -condensed tannins, erva-de-bicho, medicinal plant, pharmacognosy, Polygonaceae RESUMO -(Anatomia de folha e caule e quantificação espectrofotométrica de fenóis totais e taninos da erva-de-bichoPolygonum acre Kunth var. aquatile Meisn.). Com o objetivo de selecionar caracteres úteis na identificação de Polygonum acre Kunth var. aquatile Meisn., erva medicinal geralmente comercializada sob a forma de planta fragmentada, e para contribuir para o conhecimento botânico da espécie, descreveu-se sua anatomia e quantificaram-se os fenóis totais, taninos gálicos e condensados. O material foi processado segundo técnicas usuais de anatomia vegetal. Na análise anatômica, a comparação dos resultados com a bibliografia permitiu selecionar os seguintes caracteres como auxiliares à determinação de P. acre: 1) ausência de endoderme bem definida com estrias de Caspary conforme descrito para outras espécies do gênero Polygonum; 2) ócrea com numerosos tricomas pluricelulares e cavidades secretoras localizadas apenas na face abaxial da epiderme; 3) fibras presentes internamente ao xilema do caule; 4) feixe invertido na nervura principal; e 5) presença de pêlos lignificados no bordo da folha. As dosagens de fenóis totais e taninos demonstraram que a planta apresenta quantidade significativa de taninos condensados e que a princípio, os taninos gálicos não estão presentes na espécie.

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“…Reviews to date have covered a range of conceptual topics including (i) the role of plant hybridization in maintaining associated biodiversity (Fritz 1999), (ii) genes to ecosystems links (Whitham et al 2003, (iii) the importance of functional genomics to community genetics , (iv) the role of genetically based feedbacks in community genetics (Whitham et al 2003Schweitzer et al 2008b), and (v) the effects of genotypic diversity on community-and ecosystem-level properties Bradley & Pregitzer 2007;Johnson & Stinchcombe 2007;Hughes et al 2008). Such a diverse array of topics clearly link genetic variation in plants to community and ecosystem processes, and provide compelling evidence for the importance of bridging community and ecosystem ecology with evolutionary biology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From genes to ecosystems: a synthesis of the effects of plant genetic factors across levels of organization

Bailey

Schweitzer

Úbeda

et al. 2009

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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272

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Using two genetic approaches and seven different plant systems, we present findings from a metaanalysis examining the strength of the effects of plant genetic introgression and genotypic diversity across individual, community and ecosystem levels with the goal of synthesizing the patterns to date. We found that (i) the strength of plant genetic effects can be quite high; however, the overall strength of genetic effects on most response variables declined as the levels of organization increased. (ii) Plant genetic effects varied such that introgression had a greater impact on individual phenotypes than extended effects on arthropods or microbes/fungi. By contrast, the greatest effects of genotypic diversity were on arthropods. (iii) Plant genetic effects were greater on above-ground versus below-ground processes, but there was no difference between terrestrial and aquatic environments. (iv) The strength of the effects of intraspecific genotypic diversity tended to be weaker than interspecific genetic introgression. (v) Although genetic effects generally decline across levels of organization, in some cases they do not, suggesting that specific organisms and /or processes may respond more than others to underlying genetic variation. Because patterns in the overall impacts of introgression and genotypic diversity were generally consistent across diverse study systems and consistent with theoretical expectations, these results provide generality for understanding the extended consequences of plant genetic variation across levels of organization, with evolutionary implications.

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From Genes to Ecosystems: The Genetic Basis of Condensed Tannins and Their Role in Nutrient Regulation in a Populus Model System

Cited by 170 publications

References 111 publications

Imaging spectroscopy links aspen genotype with below-ground processes at landscape scales

Imaging spectroscopy links aspen genotype with below-ground processes at landscape scales

Anatomia de folha e caule e quantificação espectrofotométrica de fenóis totais e taninos da erva-de-bicho (Polygonum acre Kunth var. aquatile Meisn.)

From genes to ecosystems: a synthesis of the effects of plant genetic factors across levels of organization

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