From Generation to Generation: Rethinking “Soul Wounds” and Historical Trauma

Gillson, Stefanie; Ross, David A.

doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2019.07.033

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The traumatic events reverberate throughout the population, creating a universal experience of trauma, which “result[s] in a legacy of physical, psychological, social, and economic disparities that persist across generations” (Sotero, 2006, p. 95). Thus, historical trauma is not only felt by a population during the initial traumatic period but also continues to the present day through both individual (e.g., parenting behaviors, physiological markers) and structural (e.g., institutionalized oppression) pathways (DeGruy, 2005; Gillson & Ross, 2019; Sotero, 2006).…”

Section: Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

The function of power: A herstorical model of power, trauma, and policing African Americans.

Yates¹,

Obus²,

Peele³

et al. 2024

Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy

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Objective: Transmitting trauma narratives is intergenerational by nature. Few studies have taken a qualitative approach to analyzing the most pervasive trauma of the United States: the chattel slavery of Black people. Examining the lived experiences of the formerly enslaved, through their childhood and adult narrative memories of personal and second-hand interactions with White authority figures, is critical to the recognition of today's ongoing impact of policing, generational trauma, and mental health in the African American community. Method: Using interviews archived in the Library of Congress from women (N = 19) who were identified as being members of the last living generation of formerly enslaved African Americans, researchers used a feminist-forward grounded theory methodology to understand the following: (a) What are the historical relationships between African Americans and White authority figures? (b) What are the memories associated with the interactions between African Americans and White authority figures? (c) How did these interaction processes come to be? and (d) How did these memories get passed on? Results: The analysis of childhood memories and interactions between enslavers and African Americans close to home (i.e., on the plantation) produced six themes: (a) enmeshment with enslaver, (b) enslaver as good, (c) caretaking by enslaver, (d) enslaver control, (e) violent control by policing figures, and (f) following orders. Theoretical coding led to the formation of a full model of the function of power within the herstorical policing of African Americans close to home. Conclusions: The themes uncovered highlight the potentially traumatic violence and control that characterized the environment in which enslaved children lived and the systems through which White power was maintained. The herstorical analysis and results confirm the ways police violence has sought to control and harm African Americans for over 400 years and underscores the role that police violence has played in the perpetuation of intergenerational trauma and the maintenance of White power. Clinical Impact StatementClinicians can utilize themes from the findings while working with African American clients who may be experiencing racialized stress and resultant adaptive coping in relation to White power systems. Our model is representative of the underbelly of the racial trauma that may be present in African American clients' interactions with White peers, employers, and policing figures and within the clinician-client therapeutic alliance. Practice recommendations are discussed.

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Section: Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

The function of power: A herstorical model of power, trauma, and policing African Americans.

Yates¹,

Obus²,

Peele³

et al. 2024

Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Epigenetic changes, inherited across generations can contribute significantly to the alteration of immune responses. The term used for this purpose is transgenerational inheritance [ 12 ]. Understanding the genetic and epigenetic components of immune evasion is crucial.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetic Alterations That Are the Backbone of Immune Evasion in T-cell Malignancies

Andreescu

2024

Cureus

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Epigenetic alterations are heritable and enduring modifications in gene expression that play a pivotal role in immune evasion. These include alterations to noncoding RNA, DNA methylation, and histone modifications. DNA methylation plays a crucial role in normal cell growth and development but alterations in methylation patterns such as hypermethylation or hypomethylation can enable tumor and viral cells to evade host immune responses. Histone modifications can also inhibit immune responses by promoting the expression of genes involved in suppressing normal immune function. In the case of T-cell lymphoma, adult T-cell lymphomas (ATL) also undergo immune evasion through the exceptional function of its accessory and regulatory genes. Epigenetic therapies are emerging as a promising adjunct to traditional immunotherapy and chemotherapy regimens. Clinical trials are currently investigating the use of epigenetic therapies in combination with immunotherapies and chemotherapies for more effective treatment of ATL and other cancers. This review highlights epigenetic alterations that are widely found in T-cell malignancies.

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“…Epigenetic changes, inherited across generations can contribute significantly to the alteration of immune responses. The term used for this purpose is transgenerational inheritance [13]. Epigenetic alterations in tumor suppressor genes and oncogenesis contribute towards carcinogenesis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetic Alterations That Are the Backbone of Immune Evasion in T-Cell Malignancies

Andreescu¹

2023

Preprint

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Epigenetic alterations are heritable and enduring modifications in gene expression that play a pivotal role in immune evasion. These include alterations to noncoding RNA, DNA methylation, and histone modifications. DNA methylation plays a crucial role in normal cell growth and development but alterations in methylation patterns such as hypermethylation or hypomethylation can enable tumor and viral cells to evade host immune responses. Histone modifications can also inhibit immune responses by promoting the expression of genes involved in suppressing normal immune function. In the case of T-cell lymphoma, adult T-cell Lymphomas (ALT) also undergo immune evasion through the exceptional function of its accessory and regulatory genes. Epigenetic therapies are emerging as a promising adjunct to traditional immunotherapy and chemotherapy regimens. Clinical trials are currently investigating the use of epigenetic therapies in combination with immunotherapies and chemotherapies for more effective treatment of ATL and other cancers. This review highlights epigenetic alterations that are widely found in T cell malignancies.

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From Generation to Generation: Rethinking “Soul Wounds” and Historical Trauma

Abstract: If Elizabeth Warren, often referred to by me as Pocahontas, did this commercial from Bighorn or Wounded Knee instead of her kitchen, with her husband dressed in full Indian garb, it would have been a smash!-Donald Trump (1)

Cited by 5 publications

References 5 publications

The function of power: A herstorical model of power, trauma, and policing African Americans.

The function of power: A herstorical model of power, trauma, and policing African Americans.

Epigenetic Alterations That Are the Backbone of Immune Evasion in T-cell Malignancies

Epigenetic Alterations That Are the Backbone of Immune Evasion in T-Cell Malignancies

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