From gangue to the fuel-cells application

Abstract

Hydrogen, which is a new clean energy option for future energy systems possesses pioneering characteristics making it a desirable carbon-free energy carrier. Hydrogen storage plays a crucial role in initiating a hydrogen economy. Due to its low density, the storage of hydrogen in the gaseous and liquids states had several technical and economic challenges. Despite these traditional approaches, magnesium hydride (MgH2), which has high gravimetric and volumetric hydrogen density, offers an excellent potential option for utilizing hydrogen in automobiles and other electrical systems. In contrast to its attractive properties, MgH2 should be mechanically and chemically treated to reduce its high activation energy and enhance its modest hydrogen sorption/desorption kinetics. The present study aims to investigate the influence of doping mechanically-treated Mg metal with 5 wt% amorphous Zr2Cu abrasive nanopowders in improving its kinetics and cyclability behaviors. For the first time, solid-waste Mg, Zr, and Cu metals were utilized for preparing MgH2 and amorphous Zr2Cu alloy (catalytic agent), using hydrogen gas-reactive ball milling, and arc melting techniques, respectively. This new nanocomposite system revealed high-capacity hydrogen storage (6.6 wt%) with superior kinetics and extraordinary long cycle-life-time (1100 h) at 250 °C.

Geometric Optimization of Hydrolysis Reactors to Enhance MgH2 Hydrolysis Performance

“…In the design of the hydrolysis reactor, it is necessary to consider the stability and sustainability of MgH 2 hydrolysis. Compared with the strong acid, the organic weak acid can promote the MgH 2 hydrolysis more effectively and has a good slow-release ability. ,,, In particular, citric acid is widely used in food and beverage industry; its solution can be easily prepared with little corrosion to the reactor and small potential risks for the user’s health. ,,, Considering the above advantages, citric acid was employed in the following study to evaluate the reactor performance.…”

“…39,49,58,59 In particular, citric acid is widely used in food and beverage industry; its solution can be easily prepared with little corrosion to the reactor and small potential risks for the user's health. 53,54,56,60 Considering the above advantages, citric acid was employed in the following study to evaluate the reactor performance. MgH 2 in the filter element can undergo hydrolysis with the solution to release hydrogen.…”

“…The above research studies greatly improve the MgH 2 hydrolysis kinetics and are helpful for our research. We consider the practical application of MgH 2 hydrolysis to release hydrogen in fuel cells, where they can be used in some special occasions, such as underwater environments, field operation, and so forth. − It is necessary to design a suitable reactor to ensure controllable and continuous hydrogen release from MgH 2 hydrolysis process. At present, there are few research studies in this field …”

A power allocation strategy for fuel cell ship considering fuel cell performance difference

“…To reduce CO 2 from the ship, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) has developed regulations 1 . In consequence, ship manufacturers are working to incorporate fuel cells and renewable energy into ship power systems due to their high efficiency and pollution-free characteristics 2 , 3 . The FCS suffers from a slow dynamic response and requires a couple with ESS for the application.…”

Effect of ZrC Nanopowders on Enhancing the Hydro/Dehydrogenation Kinetics of MgH2 Powders

“…Among the different green-energy options, hydrogen, which possesses a high energy density, has been considered the most suitable carbon-free energy carrier that can be used as an alternative to fossil fuel [ 4 ]. The convenience, safety, and versatility of hydrogen as an energy carrier are linked to its unique features of being easy to manufacture from a renewable energy system and convert to a desired form of energy [ 5 ]. One of the key advantages of hydrogen is that when burned, CO 2 is not produced.…”