From Evidence-based Medicine to Marketing-based Medicine: Evidence from Internal Industry Documents

Spielmans, Glen I.; Parry, Peter

doi:10.1007/s11673-010-9208-8

Cited by 120 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…45,46 It is also unclear how well findings from highly controlled research settings translate into effectiveness in real-world settings. An attempt was made to consider patient values and preferences by reviewing our clinical experience and incorporating feedback from parents of children and adolescents with disruptive or aggressive behaviour.…”

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confidence: 99%

Canadian Guidelines on Pharmacotherapy for Disruptive and Aggressive Behaviour in Children and Adolescents with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Oppositional Defiant Disorder, or Conduct Disorder

et al. 2015

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Objective: To develop evidence-based guidelines on pharmacotherapy for severe disruptive and aggressive behaviour in children and adolescents with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), or conduct disorder (CD). The guidelines assume that psychosocial interventions have been pursued but did not achieve sufficient improvement. Method:A multidisciplinary consensus group used the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach for rating evidence quality and for grading recommendations. We conducted a systematic review of medications studied in placebo-controlled trials for treating disruptive and aggressive behaviour in children and adolescents with ADHD, ODD, or CD. We followed consensus procedures to make 1 of 4 recommendations for each medication: strong, in favour (↑↑); conditional, in favour (↑?); conditional, against (↓?); and strong, against (↓↓).Results: For children and adolescents with disruptive or aggressive behaviour associated with ADHD, psychostimulants received a strong recommendation in favour of use, while atomoxetine and alpha-2 agonists received a conditional recommendation in favour of use. If these patients do poorly with ADHD medications, the medication with the most evidence is risperidone. Risperidone also has the most evidence for treating disruptive or aggressive behaviour in the absence of ADHD. However, given risperidone's major adverse effects, it received only a conditional recommendation in favour of use. We recommended against using quetiapine, haloperidol, lithium, or carbamazepine because of the poor quality of evidence and their major adverse effects. Conclusion:When severe disruptive or aggressive behaviour occurs with ADHD, medications for ADHD should be used first. Other medications have major adverse effects and, with the exception of risperidone, very limited evidence to support their use.W W W

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confidence: 99%

Canadian Guidelines on Pharmacotherapy for Disruptive and Aggressive Behaviour in Children and Adolescents with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Oppositional Defiant Disorder, or Conduct Disorder

et al. 2015

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“…However, rarely can such a recommendation provide undisputable scientific arguments for reimbursing drugs, given the nature of clinical and pharmacoeconomic data submitted by drug companies (Sismondo, 2008;Spielmans and Parry, 2010). ''In half of the research results (submitted by drug companies), we deal with drugs whose effectiveness cannot be established.…”

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confidence: 99%

Pharmaceutical lobbying under postcommunism: universal or country-specific methods of securing state drug reimbursement in Poland?

Ozierański

McKee

King

2011

HEPL

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: This paper aims to fill in the gap in research on the effect of pharmaceutical lobbying on drug reimbursement policy, particularly in Poland, a post-communist country. To this end, we conducted in-depth, semi-structured, anonymous, elite interviews in Poland, supplemented by a review of legislation, policy documents, official reports and press articles, as well as observations. Overall, 109 representatives of stakeholders involved in reimbursement policy were interviewed. We identified two key lobbying methods: informal persuasion and third-party endorsements. These methods are coupled with two supplementary ones: lobbying through parliament and ministries, as well as diplomatic pressure. Pharmaceutical lobbying methods in Poland clearly resemble those used in other European countries. What is notable about the Polish case is extensive reliance on informal lobbying and diplomatic pressure.

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“…Salami slicing/duplicative publication can distort the medical literature by making a drug appear strongly supported based on the sheer volume of publications analyzing clinical trial data. This plays into strategic publication plans of drug companies, which utilize journal articles as key marketing tools, often utilizing medical writers to create manuscripts ready for journal publication in a timely manner [1,2]. Academic authors (aka “key opinion leaders”) typically serve as authors, augmenting the credibility of journal articles via their perceived expertise and independence from the sponsor, which enhances the value of the drug brand [1,3].…”

Section: Tablementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Duplicative pooled analyses may be more representative of “marketing-based medicine” or propaganda than of actual contributions to science [2]. Editors and peer reviewers might weed out some such analyses, yet the ultimate responsibility lies with authors, who should realize that duplicative “salami science” does little to advance either science or patient care.…”

Section: Tablementioning

confidence: 99%

“Salami Slicing” in Pooled Analyses of Second-Generation Antipsychotics for the Treatment of Depression

Spielmans

Olson²,

Keicher³

2017

Psychother Psychosom

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From Evidence-based Medicine to Marketing-based Medicine: Evidence from Internal Industry Documents

Cited by 120 publications

References 32 publications

Canadian Guidelines on Pharmacotherapy for Disruptive and Aggressive Behaviour in Children and Adolescents with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Oppositional Defiant Disorder, or Conduct Disorder

Canadian Guidelines on Pharmacotherapy for Disruptive and Aggressive Behaviour in Children and Adolescents with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Oppositional Defiant Disorder, or Conduct Disorder

Pharmaceutical lobbying under postcommunism: universal or country-specific methods of securing state drug reimbursement in Poland?

“Salami Slicing” in Pooled Analyses of Second-Generation Antipsychotics for the Treatment of Depression

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