From Cooling to Exhumation: Setting the Reference Frame for the Interpretation of Thermochronologic Data

Malusà, Marco G.; Fitzgerald, Paul G.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-89421-8_8

Cited by 30 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 130 publications

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“…The motion of the upper plate away from trench (Liao et al, ; Malusà et al, , , ) and the rollback of the lower plate (Brun & Faccenna, ; Husson et al, ; Jolivet et al, ; Lister & Forster, ) lead to removal of a tectonic lid and create ample space to promote (U)HP rocks exhume to surface. Many popular models are fixed‐boundary synconvergent exhumation models, such as channel flow, which need two classical way to remove the overlying rocks pile and exhume (U)HP rocks to surface (Malusà et al, ; Malusà & Fitzgerald, ), including erosional exhumation and tectonic exhumation (Agliardi et al, ). However, erosional removal of overlying cover is often contradicted by the negligible volume of synexhumation sediments (e.g., Garzanti & Malusà, ; Krabbendam & Dewey, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tectonic exhumation is generally considered to exhume rocks by overburden displacement, for example, along low‐angle normal faults (Ehlers et al, ; Foster et al, ). However, low‐angle normal faults or thrust faults are not common in many collision orogens (Burbank, ), which suggests that their contribution is limited for exhumation (Malusà & Fitzgerald, ). Brun and Faccenna () and Malusà et al () applied the same concept of tectonic exhumation on a larger scale along convergent plate margins, where tectonic exhumation can be either facilitated by divergence between upper plate and accretionary wedge, or by rollback of lower plate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Exhumation of Subducted Oceanic‐Derived Eclogites: Insights From Phase Equilibrium and Thermomechanical Modeling

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2019

Tectonics

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The dynamical evolution and exhumation mechanisms of oceanic‐derived eclogites are controversial conundrums of oceanic subduction zones. The previous studies indicated that density is the primary factor controlling the exhumation of oceanic rocks. To explore their density evolution, we systematically investigate the phase relations and densities of different rock types in oceanic crust, including mid ocean ridge basalt (MORB), serpentinite, and global subducting sediments (GLOSS). According to the density of eclogites, these currently exposed natural eclogites can be classified into two categories: the self‐exhumation of eclogites (ρMORB < ρMantle) and the carried exhumation of eclogites (ρMORB > ρMantle). The depth limit for an exhumation of oceanic‐derived eclogites solely driven by their own buoyancies is 100–110 km, and it increases with the lithospheric thickness of the overriding plate. The parameters of carried‐exhumation, that is, KGLOSS and KSerp, are defined in order to quantitatively evaluate the assistance ability of GLOSS and serpentinites for carrying the denser eclogites. KGLOSS is mainly controlled by pressure, whereas KSerp is dominantly affected by temperature. Using 2‐D thermomechanical models, we demonstrate that the presences of low‐density, low‐viscosity GLOSS and seafloor serpentinites are the prerequisites for the exhumation of oceanic‐derived eclogites. Our results show that oceanic‐derived eclogites should be stalled and exhumed slowly at the Moho and Conrad discontinuities (named Moho/Conrad stagnation). We propose that oceanic‐derived eclogites should undergo a two‐stage exhumation generally, that is, early fast exhumation driven by buoyancy at mantle levels, and final exposure to surface actuated by tectonic exhumation facilitated by divergence between upper plate and accretionary wedge or by rollback of lower plate.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Exhumation of Subducted Oceanic‐Derived Eclogites: Insights From Phase Equilibrium and Thermomechanical Modeling

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2019

Tectonics

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To convert cooling rates to exhumation rates, a paleogeothermal gradient can be calculated or assumed, although this only applies to geologic situations where the rate of cooling is low, such as is the case here (e.g. Braun, Beek, & Batt, 2006;Malusà & Fitzgerald, 2018b). The paleogeothermal gradient can be estimated based on reasonable geologic 1030 | EAGE SHORTEN aNd FITZGERaLd F I G U R E 5 Six representative inverse thermal (time-temperature) models undertaken using HeFTy version 1.9.3 (Ketcham, 2005), arranged from west to east and labeled with sample ID and region.…”

Section: Geothermal Gradientmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post‐orogenic thermal history and exhumation of the northern Appalachian Basin: Low‐temperature thermochronologic constraints

Shorten

Fitzgerald

2019

Basin Research

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Apatite fission‐track (AFT) thermochronology and (U‐Th)/He (AHe) dating, combined with paleothermometers and independent geologic constraints, are used to model the thermal history of Devonian Catskill delta wedge strata. The timing and rates of cooling determines the likely post‐orogenic exhumation history of the northern Appalachian Foreland Basin (NAB) in New York and Pennsylvania. AFT ages generally young from west to east, decreasing from ~185 to 120 Ma. AHe single‐grain ages range from ~188 to 116 Ma. Models show that this part of the Appalachian foreland basin experienced a non‐uniform, multi‐stage cooling history. Cooling rates vary over time, ~1–2 °C/Myr in the Early Jurassic to Early Cretaceous, ~0.15–0.25 °C/Myr from the Early Cretaceous to Late Cenozoic, and ~1–2 °C/Myr beginning in the Miocene. Our results from the Mesozoic are broadly consistent with earlier studies, but with the integration of multiple thermochronometers and multi‐kinetic annealing algorithms in newer inverse thermal modeling programs, we constrain a Late Cenozoic increase in cooling which had been previously enigmatic in eastern U.S. low‐temperature thermochronology datasets. Multi‐stage cooling and exhumation of the NAB is driven by post‐orogenic basin inversion and catchment drainage reorganization, in response to changes in base level due to rifting, plus isostatic and dynamic topographic processes modified by flexure over the long (~200 Myr) post‐orogenic period. This study compliments other regional exhumation data‐sets, while constraining the timing of post‐orogenic cooling and exhumation in the NAB and contributing important insights on the post‐orogenic development and inversion of foreland basins along passive margins.

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“…Low‐temperature thermochronology ages record the cooling of rock samples, which can be caused by either thermal relaxation and/or exhumation (also called denudation when erosional in nature; e.g. Malusà & Fitzgerald, 2019b; Pagel et al., 2014). This is especially valuable for geologically ill‐constrained areas characterized by no or little sedimentary cover (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low‐temperature thermochronology as a control on vertical movements for semi‐quantitative source‐to‐sink analysis: A case study for the Permian to Neogene of Morocco and surroundings

et al. 2020

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From Cooling to Exhumation: Setting the Reference Frame for the Interpretation of Thermochronologic Data

Cited by 30 publications

References 130 publications

The Exhumation of Subducted Oceanic‐Derived Eclogites: Insights From Phase Equilibrium and Thermomechanical Modeling

The Exhumation of Subducted Oceanic‐Derived Eclogites: Insights From Phase Equilibrium and Thermomechanical Modeling

Post‐orogenic thermal history and exhumation of the northern Appalachian Basin: Low‐temperature thermochronologic constraints

Low‐temperature thermochronology as a control on vertical movements for semi‐quantitative source‐to‐sink analysis: A case study for the Permian to Neogene of Morocco and surroundings

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