From conventional nuclear power reactors to accelerator-driven systems

Numerical Analysis for Transients in External Source Driven Reactors

“…The reactions of the spallation on the target issue from ten to twenty neutrons per incident proton, which are introduced into the subcritical nucleus inducing future nuclear reactions. Except for the subcritical state, the core of the reactor is very similar to that of a critical one [4]. Moreover, the ADS can be designed to operate on both thermal or fast neutron spectra.…”

Comparison of Radionuclide’s Inventories and Activities With Slightly Enriched Uranium and Plutonium Fuel in CANDU Reactors

“…There are 380 fuel channels in the standard CANDU 600 MW e reactor and each fuel channel contains 37-fuel pins. Figure 1 of [13] shows a cross sectional view of a fuel channels indicating a fuel bundle, a pressure tube, a calandria tube, and moderator. The coolant and moderator is D 2 O.…”

“…The heat is generated in the pressure tubes in the fuel bundle region and coolant transfers this heat to the power conversion system. A gemoterical representation of the cell and lattice benchmark cell model for WIMS-D4 is shown in Figures 2 and 3, respectively, of [13].…”

“…Due to many factors there is again an increase in trend to increase the contribution of nuclear energy, particularly in Asian countries [1,2], in the total world energy demand. The main drawback of nuclear energy is the radioactive waste, particularly spent nuclear fuel, and proliferation issue [2]. Management and handling of spent nuclear fuel and high level radioactive waste from nuclear reactors is a serious problem both from economical and environmental point of view.…”

“…Firstly, to change the composition of nuclear fuel that leads to higher burn-up, less production of plutonium and other minor actinides during burn-up and hence less amount of these nuclides in the spent fuel. Secondly, to entirely change the design of nuclear power reactors, like accelerator-driven systems (ADS) [2,3].…”