From “clone towns” to “slow towns”: examining festival legacies

Duignan, Michael B.; Kirby, Seth I.; O’Brien, Daniel; Everett, Sally

doi:10.1108/jpmd-07-2017-0071

Cited by 18 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Other socio-cultural benefits associated with mega-events are strengthening of community cultural values and building of nation/community identity (Prayag et al, 2013), which are common with tourism development studies (Andriotis and Vaughan, 2003). There are also more positive aspects, such as civic pride, community image, fostering political consolidation (Kim et al, 2015), improved cohesion and quality of civilization (Chen and Tian, 2015), feeling of inclusion and community or national unity (Karadakis and Kaplanidou, 2012), cultural exchange of values and experiences between tourists and residents (Kim et al, 2006) and, of course, the sports legacy (Duignan et al, 2018), which involves knowledge about coaching and the idea that sport is itself a cultural good (Preuss, 2015).…”

Section: Socio-cultural Impactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating residents’ attitudes of 2016 Olympic Games

Maheshwari

Giraldi

Montanari

2019

JPMD

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Purpose Olympic Games provide an arguably unparalleled amount of opportunities for the host city and country in relation to economic and socio-cultural growth and development. However, the achievement of such long-term success measures lies with the holistic involvement of community groups, specifically residents, in the planning of the mega event. The purpose of this paper is to examine the residents’ attitudes of the 2016 Olympic Games and to verify moderating effects of place of residence in support of the Games. Design/methodology/approach The data were collected in Brazil in the months leading to the Rio Olympic Games using non-probabilistic convenience sampling. A total of 501 responses were collected prior to the opening ceremony of the event. Both exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were applied. Findings The socio-cultural and economic dimensions had a positive and significant effect in support for the Olympic Games; however, the environmental dimension did not have such strong effect. Furthermore, differences between host and non-host city residents tested positive in support of the Olympic Games. Practical implications This study aims to contribute to the developing application of country branding by examining attitudes of internal stakeholder groups in the form of residents. Originality/value This research presents a conceptual model to further establish the importance of such attitudes for organizers and government authorities involved with the bidding, planning and management of mega events from a country branding perspective, particularly in developing countries such as Brazil.

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Section: Socio-cultural Impactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating residents’ attitudes of 2016 Olympic Games

Maheshwari

Giraldi

Montanari

2019

JPMD

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“…Bid businesses and local authorities) to leverage potential immediate and longer-term gains. It is argued that event leveraging can foster this emergent overall portfolio of activities across cities, primarily through physical, digital, and place branding attributes and schemes (Duignan, Kirby, O'Brien, & Everett, 2018). In doing so, this could help to achieve and maximize the tangible and intangible MSB opportunities that hosting MSEs presents.…”

Section: Leverageable Phase: Bidding and Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A critical requirement of event leveraging is how to accommodate an eclectic mix of stakeholders. Integrating this mix of stakeholders from local authorities to business groups and MSBs and creating networking areas may support the possibility of realizing favorable outcomes, particularly through access to dedicated physical spaces for MSB leverage (Bason & Grix, 2018;Duignan et al, 2018). This is significant as MSEs can mobilize the possibilities of planned and unplanned business exchanges, as well as assisting with relationshipbuilding activities for small businesses to leverage the B2B opportunities for long-term economic success (O'Brien, 2006;O'Brien & Gardiner, 2006).…”

Section: Leverageable Phase: Bidding and Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mega-Sport Events, Micro and Small Business Leveraging: Introducing the "MSE–MSB Leverage Model"

Kirby¹,

Duignan²,

McGillivray³

2018

Event Management

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Micro and small business (MSB) interests legitimize mega-sport event (MSE) candidature bids. Yet, MSB interests can be sidelined in the event lead up, live staging, and legacy periods. This article provides a detailed: 1) review of MSE impacts on existing MSBs residing within targeted host communities, 2) conceptual and practical examination of MSE leveraging opportunities, 3) synthesis of good inclusionary practices identified in previous MSE case studies. As a result, a series of general and specific ways MSEs can foster MSB leveraging and legitimize local interests are suggested. We present a comprehensive analysis of key works since mid-1990s related to the themes identified above. Our analysis identifies that there is limited conceptual and empirical research on MSB impact and leveraging activities in the context of MSEs, yet significant evidence points to negative experiences, disruption, and displacement effects on residential (host) communities. We purposively focus on good practice in the context of other MSEs from the Olympics Games (e.g., London 2012, Rio 2016) and FIFA World Cup (e.g., South Africa, 2010) to inform recommendations and managerial implications. We outline a systematic series of ways MSBs can be structurally excluded from accessing MSE leveraging opportunities. Building on Chalip's widely adopted event leverage model (ELM), we present the "MSE-MSB Leverage Model" to illustrate how MSEs can (re)position MSBs as legitimate stakeholders to support greater leveraging opportunities and better (re)distribute event benefits back into host communities across planning and delivery stages. These range from reconfiguring: 1) event planning principles and policies, 2) regulatory and trading environments, and 3) the development of MSB business-to-business networks and partnerships.

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“…Evidence generated across London, and specifically within Central Greenwich corroborates NEF's (2010) wider argument that processes associated with the production of clone town, monochrome spaces serves to potentially undermine diverse and vibrant local communities, erode place identity and dilute the local, cultural offer. This article builds on Duignan et al's (2018) concern that such structural economic and place development effects has the propensity to reduce destination competitiveness. Here, SMEs may well be seen as just one of the multivariate factors producing the (Richards, 2017), SMEs, in this case illustrate the potentially destructive nature of (top-down) SMEs may well pose gentrified futurities as opposed to the utopian developmental opportunities as initially projected.…”

Section: Conclusion: London's Embryonic Legacy Of Small Business (Unmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Whilst typified as a ‘long-term’ and ‘10 year project’ (House of Lords, 2013), it is important to note that London’s (local) legacy still remains in its infancy. As such, this article draws on ‘embryonic legacies’ – defined as the ‘rudimentary and immediate emergent forms of [post-Games] impacts bequeathed with the potential for further development’ (Duignan et al , 2018: 4). Six years on, re-visiting London’s ex ante projections vs ex post realities emerges critical as ever.…”

Section: Problematising London’s Olympic Legacymentioning

confidence: 99%

London’s local Olympic legacy

Duignan

2019

JPMD

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Purpose London’s Candidature bid projected an irresistible legacy of lasting benefits for host communities and small businesses. Yet, local post-Games perspectives paint a contrasted picture – one of becoming displaced. This paper aims to draw on event legacy, specifically in relation to rising rents, threats to small business sustainability and impact on place development by empirically examining London’s local embryonic legacies forming across one ex-hosting Olympic community: Central Greenwich. Design/methodology/approach In total, 43 interviews with local businesses (specifically, small retailers and hospitality businesses), local authorities, London-centric and national project actors and policymakers underpin analysis, supported by official London 2012 archival, documentary and media reports, were conducted to add texture and triangulate primary and secondary data sources. Findings Juxtaposing ex ante projections vs emerging ex post realities, this paper reveals a local legacy of small business failure fuelled by rising commercial rents and a wider indifference for protecting diverse urban high streets. Embroiled in a struggle to survive, and barely recognised as a key stakeholder and contributor to legacy, small businesses have and continue to become succeeded by a new business demographic in town: monochromatic global and national chains. Typifying the pervasive shift toward clone town spaces, this article argues that corporate colonisation displaces independent businesses, serves to homogenise town centres, dilute place-based cultural offer and simultaneously stunts access to a positive local development legacy. This paper argues that such processes lead to the production of urban blandscapes that may hamper destination competitiveness. Originality/value Examining event legacy, specifically local legacies forming across ex-host Olympic communities, is a latent, under-researched but vital and critical aspect of scholarship. Most event legacy analysis focuses on longer-term issues for residents, yet little research focuses on both local placed-based development challenges and small business sustainability and survival post-Games. More specifically, little research examines the potential relationship between event-led gentrification, associated rising rents and aforementioned clone town problematic. Revealing and amplifying the idiosyncratic local challenges generated through an in-depth empirically driven triangulation of key local business, policy, governmental and non-governmental perspectives, is a central contribution of this article missing from extant literatures. This paper considers different ways those responsible for event legacy, place managers and developers can combat such aforementioned post-Games challenges.

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From “clone towns” to “slow towns”: examining festival legacies

Cited by 18 publications

References 43 publications

Investigating residents’ attitudes of 2016 Olympic Games

Investigating residents’ attitudes of 2016 Olympic Games

Mega-Sport Events, Micro and Small Business Leveraging: Introducing the "MSE–MSB Leverage Model"

London’s local Olympic legacy

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