From Channel‐Forming Ionic Liquid Crystals Exhibiting Humidity‐Induced Phase Transitions to Nanostructured Ion‐Conducting Polymer Membranes

Zhang, Heng; Li, Lei; Möller, Martin; Zhu, Xiaomin; Hernández, Jaime J.; Rosenthal, Martin; Ivanov, Dimitri A.

doi:10.1002/adma.201205097

Cited by 69 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Furthermore, the confined pore interior will be beneficial for selective adsorption. Nanoporous, LC networks have been studied earlier for use as nanoporous membranes, in host–guest chemistry, molecular imprinting, and chiral recognition. To our knowledge, however, nanoporous materials based on reactive thermotropic liquid crystals have never been considered as selective and fast adsorbents with a high capacity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Responsive Nanoporous Smectic Liquid Crystal Polymer Networks as Efficient and Selective Adsorbents

Kuringen

Eikelboom

Shishmanova

et al. 2014

Adv Funct Materials

104

126

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5045www.MaterialsViews.com wileyonlinelibrary.com capacities were found for materials based on functionalized biological waste [ 13 ] or clay-polymer composites, [ 14 ] but these materials were not selective. Recently, a charge-selective supramolecular hydrogel [ 15 ] with high adsorption capacity was published, but the adsorption process was slow. Materials which show high selectivity as well as high capacity in combination with a fast adsorption process are practically unavailable.We have previously reported a fabrication process for nanoporous membranes based on the self-organization of reactive thermotropic hydrogen-bonded smectic liquid crystals (LCs). [ 16,17 ] The membranes were created by photo-polymerization to lock the smectic structure into a network followed by an alkaline treatment to break the hydrogen bonds. Minute interstices are formed and the smectic nature of the material results in pores with a two-dimensional geometry. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that the width of the straight pores is around 1 nm. A dye was used to measure the local pH in the pores and to prove the porosity. Furthermore, these pores could be fi lled with silver ions, and subsequently reduced to silver nanoparticles. The diameter and orientation of these nanoparticles were controlled by the pore size and shape of the material. [ 18 ] This nanoporous material is expected to be a good candidate for an adsorbent material due to the well-organized structure with high surface area and permeability, which promote the adsorption capacity and kinetics. Furthermore, the confi ned pore interior will be benefi cial for selective adsorption. Nanoporous, LC networks have been studied earlier for use as nanoporous membranes, [19][20][21] in host-guest chemistry, [ 22 ] molecular imprinting, and chiral recognition. To our knowledge, however, nanoporous materials based on reactive thermotropic liquid crystals have never been considered as selective and fast adsorbents with a high capacity. Results and Discussion Preparation and Characterization of a Smectic Liquid Crystalline NetworkThe LC mixture with 4-(6-acryloyloxylhexyloxy)benzoic acid (6OBA) and 1,4-phenylene bis(4-(6-(acryloyloxy)hexyloxy) Responsive Nanoporous Smectic Liquid Crystal Polymer Networks as Effi cient and Selective AdsorbentsHuub P. C. van Kuringen , Geert M. Eikelboom , Ivelina K. Shishmanova , Dirk J. Broer, * and Albertus P. H. J. Schenning * An effi cient and selective porous nanostructured polymer adsorbent is prepared from smectic liquid crystals. The adsorption study is performed by using hydrophilic dyes as water pollutants. The anionic pore interior of the nanoporous polymer is able to selectively adsorb cationic methylene blue over anionic methyl orange. Even zwitter ionic rhodamine B could hardly be adsorbed due to the presence of the anionic group in this dye. The confi ned pore dimensions allow size selective adsorption; a 4 th generation cationic dendrimer is not able to diffuse into the nanometer sized pores. The porous nature of the polymer p...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Responsive Nanoporous Smectic Liquid Crystal Polymer Networks as Efficient and Selective Adsorbents

Kuringen

Eikelboom

Shishmanova

et al. 2014

Adv Funct Materials

104

126

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“…[197][198][199][200][201][202][203] In this regard, Gin and co-workers reported the wedge-shaped compound 33b bearing acrylate polymerizable groups at the periphery of the three alkyl chains. 198 This molecule forms a lyotropic Cub bi phase (Q II phase) in the presence of lithium perchlorate and propylene carbonate.…”

Section: Functional Lc Polymers and Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional liquid-crystalline polymers and supramolecular liquid crystals

Kato

Uchida

Ichikawa

et al. 2017

Polym J

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The design and functions of liquid-crystalline (LC) polymers with classifying them into conventional-, supramolecular-, dendriticand network-type LC polymers are described. LC polymers show new functions as new devices in the field of energy and environment by incorporating mesogenic moieties exhibiting photonic, electronic and ionic functions. Supramolecular LC polymers show dynamic and unique properties because the mesogenic moieties are built with non-covalent interactions. Dendritic-type LC polymers exhibit liquid crystallinity by nanosegregation of aromatic and aliphatic moieties. Dendritic fork-like mesogens have also been prepared. A variety of nonmesogeic functional building blocks including fullerene, π-conjugated moieties, catenane, rotaxane and others can be incorporated into LC phases by attaching these dendritic moieties. LC networks are constructed in situ polymerization of polymerizable nematic or nanostructured liquid crystals. The specific characteristics of the LC networks have generated new research trends to develop well-defined polymers that exhibit optical, transport and separation properties. In these materials, through suitable design of LC monomers, the preservation of smectic, columnar and bicontinuous cubic phases has been successfully used for the development of membranes with one-dimensional, two-dimensional and three-dimensional nanostructures.

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“…The synthesis of acrylated wedge-shaped sulfonate molecules, lithium/sodium/potassium/cesium 2,3,4-tris(11 0 -acryloylundecyl-1 0 -oxy)benzenesulfonate, was carried out according to a literature procedure [19,23]. It is schematically depicted in Chart 1.…”

Section: Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a previous work, we have shown how the use solvent-mediated lyotropic transitions can be used to tune the channel structure of the Na-derivative [23,24]. In the present paper, we focus on the effect of the counterion in the thermotropic phase behavior of the different mesophases as well as on their ion conducting properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Polymerizable wedge-shaped ionic liquid crystals for fabrication of ion-conducting membranes: Impact of the counterion on the phase structure and conductivity

Hernández

Zhang

Rosenthal

et al. 2016

European Polymer Journal

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From Channel‐Forming Ionic Liquid Crystals Exhibiting Humidity‐Induced Phase Transitions to Nanostructured Ion‐Conducting Polymer Membranes

Cited by 69 publications

References 47 publications

Responsive Nanoporous Smectic Liquid Crystal Polymer Networks as Efficient and Selective Adsorbents

Responsive Nanoporous Smectic Liquid Crystal Polymer Networks as Efficient and Selective Adsorbents

Functional liquid-crystalline polymers and supramolecular liquid crystals

Polymerizable wedge-shaped ionic liquid crystals for fabrication of ion-conducting membranes: Impact of the counterion on the phase structure and conductivity

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