From Capture to Sale

Newson, Linda A.; Minchin, S.

doi:10.1163/ej.9789004156791.i-373

Cited by 131 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…35 Francisco Home declared that he remained in Angola for nine months and then transported the slaves he obtained there to Brazil, where he stayed for two months. From there he transported slaves to Cartagena (in present-day Colombia, and at the time, a hub of slave trade) 36 , where he sold them and there spent over a year. He then sailed to Mexico to the port of Veracruz, where he handed the ship to an un-named associate.…”

Section: Gaspar Méndez Beatriz Hernándezmentioning

confidence: 99%

Family Rupture amongConversosand the Inquisition Tribunal in 1640s New Spain

Acevedo-Field

2017

The Latin Americanist

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This article examines the lives of two Portuguese conversos, Gaspar Robles and Francisco Home, a nephew and his uncle, both tried by the Inquisition tribunal in seventeenth-century colonial Mexico during the decade leading up to the Gran auto de fé of 1649. However, their trajectories were vastly different. Gaspar Robles voluntarily approached the Inquisition tribunal confessing his own and his family's secret Jewish practices. He incriminated his father, his three uncles, and many other acquaintances who formed part of the converso community in New Spain precipitating the mass prosecutions of many in the converso community. In contrast, his uncle Francisco Home was also arrested soon after Gaspar's confession. He was tried and tortured, and he eventually confessed to his own crypto-Judaism. However, he protected some in the converso community in sharp contrast with his nephew's voluntary confession. Through close examination, this article explores the role of individual and community identity among conversos in New Spain to explain why the nephew confessed to the tribunal sealing the fate of his immediate family and that of a whole community. It argues that in cases such as that of Gaspar Robles familial ties proved more a liability than a protection and the final outcome was contingent on a combination of religious and ethnic identity, the process of migration, and individual circumstances.In 1641, thirty-two year old member of a Portuguese merchant family Gaspar Robles voluntarily appeared before the Holy Office of the Inquisition in Mexico City denouncing himself and his kinsmen as crypto-Jews (individuals who professed to be Christian in public, but practiced Judaism in secret). 1 Rare was the crypto-Jew who made a voluntary selfdenunciation before the Inquisition tribunal. More often, the Holy Office of the Inquisition would build a case based on information gathered from voluntary denunciations, or sometimes from testimonies provided by individuals already in the hands of the tribunal whom they questioned, at other times under the duress of torture or the threat of it. Since the religious purpose of the Inquisition was to protect the Christian community from heresy and deviant practices, the tribunal had in Gaspar Robles the perfect instrument to fulfill its duties.

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Section: Gaspar Méndez Beatriz Hernándezmentioning

confidence: 99%

Family Rupture amongConversosand the Inquisition Tribunal in 1640s New Spain

Acevedo-Field

2017

The Latin Americanist

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“…At this stage, some slaves were sold and the profit remitted to Spain, while others were dispatched to Peru via the Panamanian isthmus and Pacific Coast. The whole journey might take two to three years (Newson and Minchin, 2007). During a journey, not only were slaves sold and purchased, but a whole range of people had to be paid for the goods and services they provided, including for the food, transport and medical treatment of the slaves.…”

Section: Business Ownership and Financementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Peres became one of the most prominent slave traders in Lima, Peru, in the 1620s and 1630s, when he was responsible for the importation of about 300 to 400 African slaves a year (Bowser, 1974;Minchin, 1998;Newson and Minchin, 2007). However, before settling in Lima, between 1613 and 1619 he personally undertook two slave-trading ventures to Upper Guinea, the region that today embraces Senegal, The Gambia and Guinea-Bissau.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The slave-trading accounts of Manoel Batista Peres, 1613–1619: Double-entry bookkeeping in cloth money

Newson

2013

Accounting History

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This study examines the accounts of the Portuguese New Christian trader, Manoel Batista Peres. These private accounts, found in the Archivo General de la Nación in Lima, Peru, were associated with the trading of slaves on the Upper Guinea Coast in the early seventeenth century. The accounts take the double-entry format but, in the absence of a metallic currency, were kept in cloth money. Combining evidence from the accounts themselves, with the context in which Peres conducted his business, the study explores the reasons why he kept his accounts in this format. It shows how this system of accounting could be adapted to a non-monetised economy and contributes to the debate over the relationship between double-entry bookkeeping and the rise of capitalism.

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“…En las zonas azucareras de la costa peruana, que crecieron durante finales del siglo XVIII, el 44% de la población negra era esclava 8 Curtin, 1969: 115. 9 Para el tráfico de esclavos en Hispanoamérica durante la época, véase Newson y Minchin, 2007. Vila Vilar, 1977.…”

Section: Destinosunclassified

Migración africana y formación social en las Américas, 1500-2000

Moya¹

2012

Rev. Indias

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Unos 11 millones de africanos llegaron al NuevoLa presencia africana en las Américas se asocia automáticamente con la esclavitud, pero la trata transatlántica también constituye la primera migración transcontinental masiva en la historia del hemisferio y de la humanidad 1 . Los nueve millones de africanos que llegaron a las Américas entre 1492 y 1800 más que triplican el número de inmigrantes europeos durante la época. Dos millones más llegaron entre la supuesta abolición de la trata, declarada por el gobierno británico en 1807, y mediados de siglo. El hecho de que este movi-1 El tráfico de esclavos del este de África a través del Sáhara y el Océano Índico hacia el Medio Oriente alcanzó cifras similares (unos diez millones) a las del tráfico transatlántico pero el movimiento fue menos masivo pues empezó cinco siglos antes y duró un siglo más. Wright, 2007.

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From Capture to Sale

Cited by 131 publications

References 1 publication

Family Rupture amongConversosand the Inquisition Tribunal in 1640s New Spain

Family Rupture amongConversosand the Inquisition Tribunal in 1640s New Spain

The slave-trading accounts of Manoel Batista Peres, 1613–1619: Double-entry bookkeeping in cloth money

Migración africana y formación social en las Américas, 1500-2000

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