From Cancer to Rejuvenation: Incomplete Regeneration As the Missing Link (Part I: the Same origin, Different outcomes)

Abstract

Here, we interpret malignant tissue transformation from the aging point of view, that is, as a result of insufficient cell adaptation to the needs of regeneration/repair and proliferation. A consequence of the aging (senescence) process is gradual loss of self-renewal potential. It limits lifespan and leads to death due to the decline of tissue/organ functions, failure of regulatory mechanisms, disruption of endogenous processes and increased susceptibility to exogenous factors. Recapitulation of the embryonic pathway of self-renewal/rejuvenation in adulthood is epigenetically determined. At the postembryonic stage, in the absence of immune privilege, this recapitulation is transformed into cancer (potency expansion of single structures composing the organism to the detriment of the whole organism or disintegrating growth). We suggest that the process of rebirth occurs in the same way as embryonic tissue growth. Thus, the idea to use the potential of the transformed cells to stop the aging process has been proposed.

From Autonomy to Integration, From Integration to Dynamically Balanced Integrated Co-existence: Non-aging as the Third Stage of Development

“…There is reason to believe that Homo sapiens have not yet reached the pinnacle of evolution. Therefore, completing here our series of publications ( Baramiya, 1988 ; Baramiya, 2000 ; Baramiya, 2018 ; Baramiya and Baranov, 2020 ; Baramiya et al, 2020 ; Salnikov and Baramiya, 2020 ) on the theoretical substantiation of a new section of developmental biology, we propose to call it Developmental Biogerontology.…”

From Cancer to Rejuvenation: Incomplete Regeneration as the Missing Link (Part II: Rejuvenation circle)

“…As others also pointed out, the main behavior of the immune system is determined by the rules governing cell survival and perpetuation and organismic homeostasis maintenance and the self-versus-non-self recognition paradigm is no longer the center of the immune system concerns [ 33 ]. This was described in more detail in the first part of the study [ 2 ].…”

“…However, even with certain achievements, we are still far from radical results – victory over aging and cancer. In this article, we continue to elaborate the essence of our concept of the relationship between carcinogenesis and aging, which was described in part one [ 2 ].…”

The Ratio of the Genome Two Functional Parts Activity as the Prime Cause of Aging

“…However, it should be clarified, and it is fundamental that we should not just talk about the growth of diversity on the lower hierarchies, but about the limitlessness, irreversibility and uncontrollability of this growth, because they are the ones that convert this deviation in disintegrating process (malignant growth). On the contrary, in case of reversibility/manageability this deviation radically renews, making the integrated (and vulnerable) system unlimitedly self-renewable and stable, as detailed in our previous publications ( Baramiya and Baranov, 2020 ; Baramiya et al, 2020 ).…”

“…In other words, such feature do not allow modifying ontogenesis through its isolated links or mechanisms. To override the program is possible only on the system level by another program - the program of permanent re-ontogenesis/re –morphogenesis ( Baramiya and Baranov, 2020 ; Baramiya et al, 2020 ).…”