From BPA to its analogues: Is it a safe journey?

Usman, Afia; Ahmad, Masood

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.05.070

Cited by 225 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 177 publications

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“…In such products, BPA has been replaced by other substances, including bisphenol S (BPS), bisphenol AF and bisphenol F (BPF), and goods produced without BPA are labeled as “BPA‐free” products, which are considered safe for humans and animals. Nevertheless, recent studies have shown that substitutes for BPA may (like BPA) leach from plastic‐ware into water and food, absorbed into body fluids and tissues and may also have a negative impact on living organisms by causing several pathological conditions . For example, it is known that BPS (the most widely used substitute for BPA) has hormonal potencies with the same magnitude as BPA .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, recent studies have shown that substitutes for BPA may (like BPA) leach from plastic-ware into water and food, absorbed into body fluids and tissues and may also have a negative impact on living organisms by causing several pathological conditions. 73,74 For example, it is known that BPS (the most widely used substitute for BPA) has hormonal potencies with the same magnitude as BPA. 75 It causes reproductive dysfunctions and affects the GI tract, where it significantly inhibits digestive enzyme activity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neurochemical characterization of the enteric neurons within the porcine jejunum in physiological conditions and under the influence of bisphenol A (BPA)

Szymańska

Gonkowski

2019

Neurogastroenterology Motil

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Background Bisphenol A (BPA) is commonly used in the production of plastics and has multidirectional, negative effects on the living organisms. It may also affect the enteric nervous system (ENS) located in the wall of the gastrointestinal tract. Enteric neurons express many active substances, which regulate majority of intestinal activities not only in physiological conditions but also under the impact of pathological factors. Methods The influence of various doses of BPA on the ENS of jejunum has been investigated using the double immunofluorescence technique. The commercial antibodies against substance P (SP), vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), galanin (GAL), vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT), and cocaine‐ and amphetamine‐regulated transcript peptide (CART) were used. Key Results Both doses of BPA studied changed the number of the enteric neurons immunoreactive to SP, VIP, GAL, VAChT, and CART, and the intensity of fluctuations depended on the BPA dose and on the type of the enteric plexus. Bisphenol A causes the increase in the number of neurons immunoreactive to the majority of substances studied. The only exception was VAChT‐positive neurons, the number of which was lower under the impact of BPA in the comparison with physiological conditions. Conclusions & Inferences Even low doses of BPA cause the changes in neurochemical characterization of the enteric neurons in the jejunum. These changes may be the first sign of subclinical BPA intoxication. The mechanisms of observed changes are probably connected with neurotoxic and/or pro‐inflammatory activity of BPA, but their exact mechanisms are not fully explained.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurochemical characterization of the enteric neurons within the porcine jejunum in physiological conditions and under the influence of bisphenol A (BPA)

Szymańska

Gonkowski

2019

Neurogastroenterology Motil

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“…The broad applications of BPF and BPS result in the ubiquitous presence in our daily life, including in food, food packaging, personal care products, paper products, drinking water, and indoor dust. 12,33 In parallel with a gradual decrease in BPA levels in U.S. population, there has been an upward trend in BPF and BPS levels in recent years. 11 With a rising exposure to BPF and BPS from common consumer products, a thorough investigation on health effects of BPF and BPS in humans is needed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bisphenol A substitutes and obesity in US adults: analysis of a population-based, cross-sectional study

Liu

Lehmler

Sun

et al. 2017

The Lancet Planetary Health

139

100

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Background Bisphenol F (BPF) and bisphenol S (BPS) are increasingly used to substitute bisphenol A (BPA), a widespread environmental endocrine disruptor and putative obesogen. However, studies on effects of BPF and BPS on obesity in humans are lacking. We examined the associations of BPA, BPF, and BPS exposure with obesity in U.S. adults. Methods We included 1,521 participants aged 20 years or older from a cross-sectional study, the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013–2014. Urinary BPA, BPF, and BPS concentrations were measured using on-line solid phase extraction coupled to high performance liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry. We used body mass index and waist circumference to define general obesity and abdominal obesity, respectively. We used logistic regression with sample weights to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) of obesity and 95% confidence intervals. Findings Higher BPA, BPF, and BPS concentrations were observed in obese adults than non-obese adults. After adjustment for demographic, socioeconomic, lifestyle factors, and urinary creatinine concentrations, BPA, but not BPF or BPS, was significantly associated with obesity. The OR of general obesity was 1.78 (1.10–2.89) comparing the highest with lowest quartile of BPA, 1.02 (0.70–1.47) for BPF, and 1.22 (0.81–1.83) for BPS. The corresponding OR for abdominal obesity was 1.55 (1.04–2.32) for BPA, 1.05 (0.68–1.63) for BPF, and 1.16 (0.72–1.88) for BPS. Interpretation Whereas there were significant associations of BPA exposure with general and abdominal obesity, BPF or BPS, at current exposure level, was not significantly associated with obesity in U.S. adults. Continued biomonitoring of these bisphenols in populations and further investigations on their health effects in humans are warranted.

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“…Another plasticizer, BPA, is a known reproductive toxicant and endocrine disrupting chemical (Peretz et al 2014; Ziv-Gal and Flaws 2016). Within the last decade some restrictions have been placed on the use of BPA in children’s products and thermal receipt paper (Usman and Ahmad 2016), leading to the development of alternative bisphenol plasticizers such as bisphenol S (BPS), bisphenol B (BPB), bisphenol F (BPF), and bisphenol AF (BPAF) (Liao and Kannan 2014). These alternative bisphenols are structurally similar to BPA and are thought to have equivalent toxicological effects (North and Halden 2013), but this has not been studied in detail.…”

Section: Plasticizer Alternativesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure to endocrine disruptors during adulthood: consequences for female fertility

Rattan

Zhou

Chiang

et al. 2017

Journal of Endocrinology

258

150

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Endocrine disrupting chemicals are ubiquitous chemicals that exhibit endocrine disrupting properties in both humans and animals. Female reproduction is an important process, which is regulated by hormones and is susceptible to the effects of exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals. Disruptions in female reproductive functions by endocrine disrupting chemicals may result in subfertility, infertility, improper hormone production, estrous and menstrual cycle abnormalities, anovulation, and early reproductive senescence. This review summarizes the effects of a variety of synthetic endocrine disrupting chemicals during adult life. The chemicals covered in this review are pesticides (organochlorines, organophosphates, carbamates, pyrethroids, and triazines), heavy metals (arsenic, lead, and mercury), diethylstilbesterol, plasticizer alternatives (di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate and bisphenol A alternatives), 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, nonylphenol, polychlorinated biphenyls, triclosan, and parabens. This review focuses on the hypothalamus, pituitary, ovary, and uterus because together they regulate normal female fertility and the onset of reproductive senescence. The literature shows that several endocrine disrupting chemicals have endocrine disrupting abilities in females during adult life, causing fertility abnormalities in both humans and animals.

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From BPA to its analogues: Is it a safe journey?

Cited by 225 publications

References 177 publications

Neurochemical characterization of the enteric neurons within the porcine jejunum in physiological conditions and under the influence of bisphenol A (BPA)

Neurochemical characterization of the enteric neurons within the porcine jejunum in physiological conditions and under the influence of bisphenol A (BPA)

Bisphenol A substitutes and obesity in US adults: analysis of a population-based, cross-sectional study

Exposure to endocrine disruptors during adulthood: consequences for female fertility

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