From Behaviorism to New Behaviorism: A Review Study

Abstract

Neobehaviorism bridges the gap between behaviorism and cognitivism. Like Thorndike, Watson, and Pavlov, the neobehaviorists believe that the study of learning and a focus on rigorously objective observational methods are crucial to a scientific psychology. Unlike their predecessors, however, the neobehaviorists are more self-consciously attempting to formalize the laws of behavior. Neobehaviorism is associated with a number of scholars such as Tolman, Hull, Skinner, Hebb, and Bandura. Neobehaviorists demand formalizing the law of behavior. Neobehaviorism takes into consideration abstraction and hidden variables, it represents a holistic approach to behavior. It can be claimed that all neobehavioristic theories have been proposed in order to put some cognition within the mechanistic nature of traditional behaviorism.

Metode Penelitian Pendidikan Dasar: Kajian Perspektif Filsafat Ilmu

“…Metode ini terutama digagas oleh tokoh-tokoh aliran psikologi behaviorisme, seperti Pavlov, Thorndike, dan Skinner (Hergenhahn & Olson, 2017). Sumbangan tokoh-tokoh ini dalam penelitian pendidikan bahkan bukan semata-mata berkaitan dengan metode eksperimen saja, melainkan juga dalam upaya pendidik dalam melibatkan penggunaan berbagai stimulus untuk mengendalikan perilaku sehingga diperoleh perilaku (respon) belajar yang diinginkan (Ziafar & Namaziandost, 2019).…”