From Battleship to Diplomacy: The Dıfficulties that Turkish Committee of Delegation Faced at the Lausanne Conference

Babaoğlu, Resul

doi:10.33419/aamd.558002

Atatürk Araştırma Merkezi Dergisi

2019

DOI: 10.33419/aamd.558002

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From Battleship to Diplomacy: The Dıfficulties that Turkish Committee of Delegation Faced at the Lausanne Conference

Resul Babaoğlu

Abstract: Kurtuluş Savaşı'nın başarıyla sonlanmasının ardından, dönemin siyasi aktörleri, bir an önce, yeni bir devletin temellerini atmak istemişlerdir. Savaş haline son vermek için toplanan Lozan Konferansı, var olan sorunların çözülmesi için bir fırsat olarak görülmüştür. Zira İstanbul'un tahliye edilmesi ve savaş sonrası duruma geçilip devletler arasındaki sorunların kalıcı bir şekilde çözülebilmesi için Lozan Konferansı büyük önem taşımaktaydı. Lozan Konferansı'nda yürütülen müzakerelerin bir boyutu da son yüzyılda… Show more

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2022

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Cited by 2 publications

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“…The advantage gained as a result of these contacts turned into a diplomatic gain with the Turkish-Soviet Friendship and Brotherhood Treaty signed with Soviet Russia on March 16, 1921. (Babaoğlu, 2019;p. 95-140).…”

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Musul Vilayeti ve Emperyal Hedefler Çerçevesinde Lozan Barış Konferansı

Karakuş¹

2022

TurkishStudies

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Although the decisive factor in Turkish history is usually wars, there are also great diplomatic achievements in its history. One of these achievements is the Lausanne Peace Conference. The Lausanne Peace Treaty, which is accepted as the document that provides the foundation of the Ankara Government, is a subject that has been discussed from the past to the present. The Talks in Lausanne, which is an issue that should be evaluated without falling into anachronism, may be an issue that should be considered positively when the conditions of the period are considered. The aim of this study is to examine the problematic in the conditions of the period and to evaluate it within the center-periphery dichotomy. The achievements of Lausanne were explained within the framework of the imperial goals of the great powers, and it was emphasized that it would not be scientific to read the subject simply as victory-loss. Two opposing poles struggled at the conference. While Lord Curzon was putting pressure on the Turkish side under Mudros, İsmet Pasha stated that he came from Mudanya. While defending their thoughts on both sides, they tried to make the other side accept that they were victorious states. Both sides were tired of war; however, the Turkish people, who had fought on many fronts for many years, did not have the strength to fight again. Despite this situation, it can be stated that İsmet Pasha defended Turkey's interests in Lausanne as best as he could. İsmet Pasha managed to arouse prestige in many delegates at the conference. Another subject of the article is the Mosul issue, whose disappearance is still the subject of debate. It is one of the most emphasized issues that the loss of Mosul was not in Lausanne as it was thought. The Turkish delegation defended its rights in Mosul until the last moment in Lausanne. Mosul was lost much later. Turkey also struggled to prevent the Mosul issue from being discussed in the League of Nations; because at that time England had an influence in this organization.

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confidence: 99%

Musul Vilayeti ve Emperyal Hedefler Çerçevesinde Lozan Barış Konferansı

Karakuş¹

2022

TurkishStudies

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Unutulan Bir Gün: Lozan Sulh Günü/Bayramı

GENCER

2022

Atatürk Araştırma Merkezi Dergisi

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The last 10 years of the Ottoman Empire passed with wars such as the Tripoli War, which started in 1911, followed by the Balkan Wars, and then the First World War, and ultimately, the Anatolian War of Independence. The Union and Progress (Ittihat ve Terakki) was defeated by the Entente States in the war it entered in alliance with Germany. The Mudros Armistice Agreement, which ended the war, prepared the ground for new invasions of the Entente States rather than bringing the peace that was sought by the empire, and the situation also caused a resistance movement in Anatolia. The National Struggle leaders, especially Mustafa Kemal, faced the difficult task of organizing a years-long warring society against the Istanbul Government at home, and against the imperialism abroad. The adoption of the National Pact, which was shaped in the congresses held previously, in the Ottoman Parliament resulted in the occupation of Istanbul on March 16, 1920. Then, a new assembly was established in Ankara and this assembly fought in every way for a fully independent country within the borders of the National Pact. The Armistice of Mudanya ended the military stage of the National Struggle, and started the process leading to the signing of a new treaty that would replace the Treaty of Sevres. Things went very difficult for the Turkish Delegation under the leadership of Ismet Pasha at the negotiating table as it was also at the front. The victorious states made great efforts to win a war that was lost via diplomatic maneuvers. When the Turkish Delegation opposed every opinion and suggestion that would cast a shadow on its independence strongly, the Lausanne Negotiations came to a dead-end, and parties had to move away from the negotiations. At the end of the conference that convened for the second time, Türkiye finally succeeded in signing a peace treaty which largely acknowledged the National Pact. Not only the independence of Anatolia was approved, but also the war environment that had been going on for 10 years was ended with the Lausanne Peace Treaty. For this reason, July 24 was celebrated as the Lausanne Peace Day for a long time. It is now seen that the celebrations changed according to the conjuncture, and are finally forgotten today. Although this study aims to remind a forgotten day again, it also aims to discuss the forgetting of July 24 in a cyclical manner.

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From Battleship to Diplomacy: The Dıfficulties that Turkish Committee of Delegation Faced at the Lausanne Conference

Cited by 2 publications

References 8 publications

Musul Vilayeti ve Emperyal Hedefler Çerçevesinde Lozan Barış Konferansı

Musul Vilayeti ve Emperyal Hedefler Çerçevesinde Lozan Barış Konferansı

Unutulan Bir Gün: Lozan Sulh Günü/Bayramı

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