“…Furthermore, outsourcing elements of the pharmaceutical supply chain, adopting disruptive business models, and actively engaging in mergers and acquisitions are boosting the ability of firms to compete for both domestically and internationally, given the larger propensity they then have to work on innovative projects (Ku, 2015;Mishra and Jaiswal, 2017). In terms of developing clinical capabilities and the overall pharmaceutical success of a country, authors found it to be vital to address R&D financing resources, R&D intensity, and patent quality (Kuwashima, 1999;Lakner et al, 2019;Gambardella, et al, 2020;Chung et al,2019;Chen and Chang, 2010), and Human Capital (Shabaninejad, Mehralian, Rashdian, Baratimarnani, and Rasekh, 2014). Lastly, some experts argued for the economic and operational benefit that firms gain when bringing products to new markets, conducting investments abroad, and internationalizing their patents (Laurens et al, 2019;Pradhan, 2006;Bergman, 2006).…”