From arterial hypertension complications to von Hippel-Lindau syndrome diagnosis

Abstract

Von Hippel-Lindau syndrome is a rare, genetically based, autosomal dominant disorder. Its course is accompanied by the development of multiple neoplasms with the following tumours diagnosed most commonly in the central nervous system haemangioblastoma, clear cell renal cell carcinoma, phaeochromocytomas, pancreatic islet tumours, and endolymphatic sac tumours. Additionally, renal and pancreatic cystadenomas and epididymal cystadenomas have been diagnosed in males and cystadenomas of the broad ligament of the uterus have been diagnosed in females.The following paper presents the diagnostic way in a boy with vision disorders as the first symptom. Hypertension retinopathy and extremely elevated blood pressure were observed during ophthalmologic consultation. Complications of arterial hypertension were confirmed by echocardiography, which diagnosed hypertension cardiomyopathy. Hypertension retinopathy was confirmed by optical coherence tomography. Examinations performed in the neurology, cardiology, and finally endocrinology indicated a bilateral phaeochromocytoma as the cause of arterial hypertension. Moreover, some genetic investigations showed a mutation in the VHL ex.1 p.Y112 C gene responsible for the hereditary form of phaeochromocytoma which confirmed von Hippel-Lindau syndrome. After surgical treatment of phaeochromocytoma the patient needed careful management according to the surveillance protocol for von Hippel-Lindau disease.

The Genetic Basis of Strokes in Pediatric Populations and Insight into New Therapeutic Options

“…The disease clinically presents with an increased risk of simple visceral cysts development, predominantly in the kidneys and pancreas [54]. The later disease course is accompanied by the development of multiple neoplasms, such as haemangioblastoma (HB) in the CNS, clear cell renal cell carcinoma, phaeochromocytomas, pancreatic islet tumors, and endolymphatic sac tumors [55]. HB are vascular tumors associated with an increased risk for hemorrhagic stroke.…”