From arrow poison to herbal medicine – The ethnobotanical, phytochemical and pharmacological significance of Cissampelos (Menispermaceae)

Semwal, Deepak Kumar; Semwal, Ruchi Badoni; Vermaak, Ilze; Viljoen, Alvaro

doi:10.1016/j.jep.2014.06.054

Cited by 59 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 136 publications

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“…Currently, the development of drugs is becoming more expensive and less successful, with a meager number of new entries . Due to globalization and economic growth, many countries have developed traditional medical systems that are either used alone or in combination with modern medicine (Boer & Cotingting, 2014;Semwal et al, 2014;Tariq et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medicinal plant diversity used for livelihood of public health in deserts and arid regions of Sindh-Pakistan

Yaseen¹,

Ahmad²,

Shinwari³

et al. 2018

PAK.J.BOT.

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Ethnopharmacological surveys require novel approaches to obtain successful hits in drug discovery. The objectives of the present study were to document the traditional uses of medicinal plants from the Deserts of Sindh and to authenticate the documented traditional uses. The traditional uses were documented from informants using semi-structured questionnaires and open-ended interviews. The data were analyzed using relative frequency of citation (RFC), Use value (UV), Informant consensus factor (ICF), Fidelity level (FL) and Relative Importance (RI), and their uses were validated through Metanalyses (MAs) and Systemic reviews (SRs). Overall, 74 plant species were reported from 207 informants and their traditional uses were validated from 299 published ethnobotanical studies. Aloe vera and Ricinus communis were more frequently cited in published literature. Blepharis ciliaris and Echinops echinatus either due to lack of pharmacological or phytochemical studies. The leaves were the most frequently used (36 reports), and decoctions (27 reports)) followed by powder (26) were predominantly reported. The UV varied from 0.49 (Cynodon dactylon) to 0.2 (Tribulus terrestris); the RFC from 0.38 (Calotropis procera) to (Aerva javanica); and the RI from 50.74 (Acacia nilotica) to 5.61 (Salvia santolinifolia). The maximum FL was found for 14 species, and the ICF varied from 0.61 (Digestive disorders) to 0.16 (Nervous disorders). The deserts (Sindh-Pakistan) provides many important plant species with most authenticated traditional uses. The plant species having most authenticated uses, highest correlated ethnobotanical index values, and lacking pharmacological or phytochemical studies, may yield desired results in limited time with most cost-effective resources.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medicinal plant diversity used for livelihood of public health in deserts and arid regions of Sindh-Pakistan

Yaseen¹,

Ahmad²,

Shinwari³

et al. 2018

PAK.J.BOT.

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“…Many of these compounds have potent pharmacological activities, and plants accumulating them boast long histories of use in traditional medicine. Members of the Cissampelos genus, which accumulate novel bisbenzylisoquinoline, aporphine, and promorphinan-type alkaloids (Additional file 1 ) have been employed for centuries as hunting poisons and herbal remedies, particularly in South America and sub-Saharan Africa [ 45 ]. Trilobine, a highly crosslinked, atypical bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid, is thought to confer antiamoebic activity to herbal Cocculus preparations for the treatment of infant diarrhea [ 41 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptome analysis of 20 taxonomically related benzylisoquinoline alkaloid-producing plants

et al. 2015

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BackgroundBenzylisoquinoline alkaloids (BIAs) represent a diverse class of plant specialized metabolites sharing a common biosynthetic origin beginning with tyrosine. Many BIAs have potent pharmacological activities, and plants accumulating them boast long histories of use in traditional medicine and cultural practices. The decades-long focus on a select number of plant species as model systems has allowed near or full elucidation of major BIA pathways, including those of morphine, sanguinarine and berberine. However, this focus has created a dearth of knowledge surrounding non-model species, which also are known to accumulate a wide-range of BIAs but whose biosynthesis is thus far entirely unexplored. Further, these non-model species represent a rich source of catalyst diversity valuable to plant biochemists and emerging synthetic biology efforts.ResultsIn order to access the genetic diversity of non-model plants accumulating BIAs, we selected 20 species representing 4 families within the Ranunculales. RNA extracted from each species was processed for analysis by both 1) Roche GS-FLX Titanium and 2) Illumina GA/HiSeq platforms, generating a total of 40 deep-sequencing transcriptome libraries. De novo assembly, annotation and subsequent full-length coding sequence (CDS) predictions indicated greater success for most species using the Illumina-based platform. Assembled data for each transcriptome were deposited into an established web-based BLAST portal (www.phytometasyn.ca) to allow public access. Homology-based mining of libraries using BIA-biosynthetic enzymes as queries yielded ~850 gene candidates potentially involved in alkaloid biosynthesis. Expression analysis of these candidates was performed using inter-library FPKM normalization methods. These expression data provide a basis for the rational selection of gene candidates, and suggest possible metabolic bottlenecks within BIA metabolism. Phylogenetic analysis was performed for each of 15 different enzyme/protein groupings, highlighting many novel genes with potential involvement in the formation of one or more alkaloid types, including morphinan, aporphine, and phthalideisoquinoline alkaloids. Transcriptome resources were used to design and execute a case study of candidate N-methyltransferases (NMTs) from Glaucium flavum, which revealed predicted and novel enzyme activities.ConclusionsThis study establishes an essential resource for the isolation and discovery of 1) functional homologues and 2) entirely novel catalysts within BIA metabolism. Functional analysis of G. flavum NMTs demonstrated the utility of this resource and underscored the importance of empirical determination of proposed enzymatic function. Publically accessible, fully annotated, BLAST-accessible transcriptomes were not previously available for most species included in this report, despite the rich repertoire of bioactive alkaloids found in these plants and their importance to traditional medicine. The results presented herein provide essential sequence information and inform experiment...

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“…These plants are mostly climbing shrubs with peltate and membranous leaves Semwal et al 2014). Stephania is the largest genus of the family Menispermaceae which comprises 43 species followed by Odontocarya (37), Cyclea (36), Abuta (33), Disciphania (26), Tiliacora (24) and Cissampelos (21) (The Plant List, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy and safety ofStephania glabra: an alkaloid-rich traditional medicinal plant

Semwal

2014

Natural Product Research

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Stephania glabra (Roxb.) Miers (Menispermaceae) has long been used for the treatment of asthma, tuberculosis, dysentery, hyperglycaemia, cancer, fever, intestinal complaints, sleep disturbances and inflammation in many Asian countries. It mainly contains alkaloids and, until now, over 30 alkaloids such as bisbenzylisoquinolines, hasubanalactams, berberines and aporphines have been isolated from its tuber. Most of its traditional medicinal activities are scientifically approved by various in vitro and in vivo studies. It shows remarkable anti-psychotic, anti-diabetic, antipyretic, analgesic, antimicrobial and anti-hypertensive activities. This work includes comprehensive information on the ethnobotany, chemistry and pharmacology of S. glabra. This review also focuses on the future perspectives with main emphasis on the establishment of therapeutic index and safety index of the plant. This review concludes that S. glabra has a great potential to treat various diseases, and could be used as a source for novel healthcare products in the near future, which needs further studies.

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From arrow poison to herbal medicine – The ethnobotanical, phytochemical and pharmacological significance of Cissampelos (Menispermaceae)

Cited by 59 publications

References 136 publications

Medicinal plant diversity used for livelihood of public health in deserts and arid regions of Sindh-Pakistan

Medicinal plant diversity used for livelihood of public health in deserts and arid regions of Sindh-Pakistan

Transcriptome analysis of 20 taxonomically related benzylisoquinoline alkaloid-producing plants

Efficacy and safety ofStephania glabra: an alkaloid-rich traditional medicinal plant

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