Frog farming: Investigation of biological and mechanical agents to increase the consumption of pelleted food by adult Rana temporaria

Williams, James; Hailey, Adrian; Miles, Jonathan

doi:10.1163/157075403323012223

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…putida, Bacillus cereus / mycoides / thuringiensis and Micrococcus sp. (Miles et al, 2004), reported from the intestines of the healthy American bull frogs, were also detected in this research. The findings of A. hydrophila / caviae, C. freundii (Hacioglu and Tosunoglu, 2014;Hacioglu et al, 2015), E. coli, K. pneumoniae ozaenae (Hacioglu and Tosunoglu, 2014) and Salmonella spp.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

“…Aeromonads, natural members of the aquatic environment (Austin and Austin, 2007), have been reported in previous studies in various diseases of frogs, especially in cases of red-leg sydrome (Mauel et al, 2002;Huys et al, 2003;Pasteris et al, 2006;Lee et al, 2009). Previously, Citrobacter freundii was reported in gut microbiota of American bull frogs (Miles et al, 2004), internal organs of diseased Rana dybowskii (Jeong et al, 2014) and as agent of the red-leg sydrome (Pasteris et al, 2011). In this study, the presence of Citrobacter freundii in both frog and water samples indicates, that it can be an opportunistic pathogen for P. ridibundus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Acinetobacter haemolyticus, A. hydrophila / caviae (Miles et al, 2004;Pasteris et al, 2006), C. freundii, E. coli, Klebsiella sp., Plesiomonas shigelloides, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Ps. putida, Bacillus cereus / mycoides / thuringiensis and Micrococcus sp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bacterial agents isolated from cultured marsh frog (Pelophylax ridibundus, Pallas 1771)

DÖKENEL

Özer

2019

EgeJFAS

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Marsh frogs (Pelophylax ridibundus) are preferred in European cuisine. In recent years, interest in farming of marsh frogs has increased, but little is known about their bacterial diseases. This research was carried out in a marsh frog farming operation in Mersin, Turkey, in order to determine the bacterial diversity. For this purpose, a total of 339 frog, 30 water, and 8 feed samples were collected. Isolation and identification of bacteria were carried out by conventional techniques and the VITEK-2 compact system. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. A total of 239 isolates of 49 different species, including 31 Gram negative rod-shaped bacteria, 9 Gram positive rod-shaped sporeforming bacteria, and 9 Gram positive cocci-shaped non-sporeforming bacteria have been identified. These bacteria species were detected from 25 (83.3%) water, 5 (62.5%) feed samples, and 64 (84.2%) of 76 frog specimens. Antimicrobial susceptibility and MAR index values ranged between 1.4-95.8% and 0.13-0.73, respectively. In conclusion, the presence of opportunistic pathogenic bacteria in water, feed and frog specimens, which could pose risk for frogs and human health, have been detected in the marsh frog farm in Mersin. This study reveals, that further investigations are necessary for sustainable marsh frog breeding in Turkey.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Bacterial agents isolated from cultured marsh frog (Pelophylax ridibundus, Pallas 1771)

DÖKENEL

Özer

2019

EgeJFAS

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“…To the Editor: Ranaculture, the practice of farm-raising frogs for scientific and culinary purposes, is practiced in many countries, including the United States ( 1 ). As with aquaculture, most ranaculture challenges relate to husbandry and disease.…”

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confidence: 99%

Frog Virus 3 Infection, Cultured American Bullfrogs

Miller

Rajeev

Gray

et al. 2007

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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Stable isotope analyses—A method to distinguish intensively farmed from wild frogs

Dittrich

Struck

Rödel

2017

Ecology and Evolution

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Consumption of frog legs is increasing worldwide, with potentially dramatic effects for ecosystems. More and more functioning frog farms are reported to exist. However, due to the lack of reliable methods to distinguish farmed from wild‐caught individuals, the origin of frogs in the international trade is often uncertain. Here, we present a new methodological approach to this problem. We investigated the isotopic composition of legally traded frog legs from suppliers in Vietnam and Indonesia. Muscle and bone tissue samples were examined for δ15N, δ13C, and δ18O stable isotope compositions, to elucidate the conditions under which the frogs grew up. We used DNA barcoding (16S rRNA) to verify species identities. We identified three traded species (Hoplobatrachus rugulosus, Fejervarya cancrivora and Limnonectes macrodon); species identities were partly deviating from package labeling. Isotopic values of δ15N and δ18O showed significant differences between species and country of origin. Based on low δ15N composition and generally little variation in stable isotope values, our results imply that frogs from Vietnam were indeed farmed. In contrast, the frogs from the Indonesian supplier likely grew up under natural conditions, indicated by higher δ15N values and stronger variability in the stable isotope composition. Our results indicate that stable isotope analyses seem to be a useful tool to distinguish between naturally growing and intensively farmed frogs. We believe that this method can be used to improve the control in the international trade of frog legs, as well as for other biological products, thus supporting farming activities and decreasing pressure on wild populations. However, we examined different species from different countries and had no access to samples of individuals with confirmed origin and living conditions. Therefore, we suggest improving this method further with individuals of known origin and history, preferably including samples of the respective nutritive bases.

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Frog farming: Investigation of biological and mechanical agents to increase the consumption of pelleted food by adult Rana temporaria

Cited by 7 publications

References 35 publications

Bacterial agents isolated from cultured marsh frog (Pelophylax ridibundus, Pallas 1771)

Bacterial agents isolated from cultured marsh frog (Pelophylax ridibundus, Pallas 1771)

Frog Virus 3 Infection, Cultured American Bullfrogs

Stable isotope analyses—A method to distinguish intensively farmed from wild frogs

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