Friedel-Crafts Reactions

Abstract

During the past two years, Friedel-Crafts reactions have been a fertile field for research and have also produced notable commercial applications in the dyestuffs, intermediates, and polymer industries. Current research of a fundamental character has added to our knowledge of the groups in the isomerization niechamechanism of reaction and the function of intermediate complexes, particularly as applied to nism does not involve the formation isomerization, disproportionation, and alkylation. of a carbonium ion in the alkyl halide. For example, under the proper conditions for isomerization, with HE numerous and varied applications of the Friedel-Crafts either HAIBra or HBFl catalysts, n-propyl derivatives fail to give reactions, appearing in the literature in the past two years, any isopropyl compound. These changes are therefore Intra-

TiO2 Photocatalyzed C–H Bond Transformation for C–C Coupling Reactions

“…A promising strategy to realize this aim is to selectively functionalize, aiming C-H bonds in the substrate chain moiety or cyclic skeleton and placing a desired functional group or branch chain in it. For this purpose, many famous catalytic reactions were developed, such as Friedel-Crafts [89][90][91] and Heck [92,93] reactions. In the conventional Friedel-Crafts reaction, AlCl 3 Lewis acid catalyst was applied to catalyze electrophilic C-H alkylation or acylation between alkyl halides, acyl halides, and arenes.…”

A more effective catalysis of the CO2 fixation with aziridines: computational screening of metal-substituted HKUST-1

“…[75,76] In order to keep consistent, our ring-strain energies were computed at the B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p)//B3LYP/6-31G(d) level without including zero-point vibration energy. As shown in Table S4 in the supporting information,one can see that the calculated ring-strain energies differ very little from those obtained in the literature either experimental or theoretical, [77,78] indicative of the suitability of the applied method for ring-strain energy in this work. Notably, the ring-strain energy difference between the parent epoxide and aziridine (no substitution) is very close as 0.72 kcal/mol (the value is 0.4 kcal/mol in literature [77,78]).…”

“…As shown in Table S4 in the supporting information,one can see that the calculated ring-strain energies differ very little from those obtained in the literature either experimental or theoretical, [77,78] indicative of the suitability of the applied method for ring-strain energy in this work. Notably, the ring-strain energy difference between the parent epoxide and aziridine (no substitution) is very close as 0.72 kcal/mol (the value is 0.4 kcal/mol in literature [77,78]). Upon methyl substitution, the ring-strain energy difference between epoxide and aziridine is increased to 1.47 kcal/mol.…”