Frictional force microscopic detection of frictional asymmetry and anisotropy at (101̄4) surface of calcite

Kwak, Musun; Shindo, Hitoshi

doi:10.1039/b310991g

Cited by 19 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…15 In addition, the friction characteristics also showed the same results for the surface of CaCO 3 (10)(11)(12)(13)(14). 16 In conclusion, it can be said that friction is caused by the potential interaction of the probe and surface element, and that it increases with increasing surface roughness [ Fig. 6(b)].…”

Section: Frictional Property By Rubbing Conditionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Frictional properties of VA‐mode alignment‐film surfaces studied by frictional force microscopy

Kwak¹,

Chung²,

Kwon³

et al. 2010

J Soc Info Display

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The surface-friction characteristics of the post-bake temperature were compared to that of the rubbing condition on VA-mode alignment films (AFs) using frictional force microscopy (FFM). The surface roughness and the surface frictional force increased when the temperature was elevated. However, the frictional asymmetry could not be detected by the frictional loop due to the instability of the side-chain molecular arrangement. For the inter-influences of the total friction and surface roughness, the density of the side chain was changed and it was intentionally rubbed for evaluation. The results showed that the total friction was higher when the rubbing was stronger and side-chain density lower, and the surface roughness also increased in the same manner. This can be explained by the potential interaction due to the curved structure of the side-chain surface that establishes the probe that is scanned and the top surface layer. In order to confirm the influence of the pre-tilt angle on the tilt of the side chain, a test cell was produced under the same conditions and evaluated. The results showed that the pre-tilt-angle decreased according to the difference in density of the side chain and strength of rubbing after injecting liquid-crystal (LC). FIGURE 1 -(a) The principle of AFM/FFM. (b), (c) The density of side chain molecular on PI layer surface. Sample 2 has half density of side chain compared with sample 1. The samples of this experiment were artificially applied rubbing condition and the probe scanned along the rubbing direction.

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Section: Frictional Property By Rubbing Conditionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Frictional properties of VA‐mode alignment‐film surfaces studied by frictional force microscopy

Kwak¹,

Chung²,

Kwon³

et al. 2010

J Soc Info Display

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“…Frictional asymmetry was clearly detected with FFM with the normal load of 125 nN and with the scan length of 100 μm 16) . Similar asymmetry was observed in friction measurements in millimeter-scale using a Bowden-Leben apparatus with a sapphire stylus of 60° cone angle, applying the normal load smaller than 49 mN 20) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…In nano-scale friction, however, clear asymmetry has been observed at single crystal surfaces having tilted S = O bonds of sulfate ions [12][13][14][15] , C = O bonds of carbonate ions 16) , or long-chain organic molecules adsorbed [17][18][19] . The asymmetry was explained using mechanical models of mass-spring systems 15,16) . With (1 0 -1 4) surface of calcite crystal (CaCO 3 , Mohs hardness = 3), comparison between frictions in nano-scale and larger scale was possible, since nearly atom-flat surfaces with wide areas are obtained in cleavage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of Slip and Cleavage in Friction and Wear at (1 0 -1 4) Surface of Magnesite (MgCO<sub>3</sub>) Crystal

2011

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Frictional force was measured using Bowden-Leben apparatus with a sapphire stylus at directional (1 0 -1 4) surface of magnesite crystal. Deformation patterns formed during the scratch in ± [4 2 -1] directions were observed with optical microscopy. With the normal load up to 460 mN, no trace of slip or cleavage was observed and the friction coefficient remained at 0.0085. Frictional asymmetry due to the tilt of carbonate ions was not recognized in this range. At higher normal loads, new components were added to the frictional force, with the appearance of traces of slip, and then, cleavage on {1 0 -1 4} faces. In contrast with the case of calcite, traces of the slip remained within the width of the stylus. Traces of the cleavage, on the other hand, reached far outside the wear track, and asymmetry was recognized in the pattern formation. In indentation experiments, the cleavage occurred in four directions, but slip on (0 0 0 1) was not recognized. In contrast with isostructural but softer calcite crystal, the difficulty in the (0 0 0 1) slip with magnesite keep the friction coefficient low toward higher normal loads.

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“…It has been included in many research activities [16][17][18][19][20][21], exerted significant influence on all kinds of scientific and technical fields. Ever since invented in 1986 [22], the atomic force microscopy (AFM) has been viewed as a powerful tool to study the mechanical properties of different materials at multiscales [23][24][25], because it can provide local information of scanned surfaces, such as hardness, roughness and chemical states. For friction research, the AFM make it possible to address single asperity at the atomic scale.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical-assistant characterization of friction anisotropy properties of single-crystal graphene domains

Liu

2017

Tribology International

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Frictional force microscopic detection of frictional asymmetry and anisotropy at (101̄4) surface of calcite

Cited by 19 publications

References 16 publications

Frictional properties of VA‐mode alignment‐film surfaces studied by frictional force microscopy

Frictional properties of VA‐mode alignment‐film surfaces studied by frictional force microscopy

Contribution of Slip and Cleavage in Friction and Wear at (1 0 -1 4) Surface of Magnesite (MgCO<sub>3</sub>) Crystal

Optical-assistant characterization of friction anisotropy properties of single-crystal graphene domains

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