Friction Stir Welding/Processing of Various Metals with Working Tools of Different Materials and Its Peculiarities for Titanium Alloys: A Review

Abstract

A review of the state of research in the field of friction stir welding and processing has been carried out. The features of plastic flow in friction stir welding and their connection with the processes of adhesion friction are shown. The main direction of research is related to the features of friction stir welding of titanium alloys. Special attention is paid to the selection of working tool materials from various alloys for friction stir welding and the processing of titanium alloys. The main advantages and disadvantages of applying different types of tools for friction stir welding of titanium alloys are shown. Different mechanisms of tool wear in friction stir welding associated with the interaction of processed material and tools are demonstrated. Information on the influence of tool and material interaction at welding on the mechanical properties and operational characteristics of obtained joints is given.

Influence of Different Filler Metals on the Mechanical and Microstructural Characteristics of Arc-Welded Joints Made of Dissimilar Titanium Alloys

“…Last but not least, the tools used for friction stir welding of titanium should present a high tribological friction resistance when paired with titanium. Tool and titanium alloy contact at high temperatures can also lead to more complex interactions, such as mutual diffusion dissolution of the tool and material, formation of secondary phases on the tool surface, formation of the tribological layer and its destruction, and mixing of fragments into the material of the joint or processing zone [11].…”

The Contribution of the Pore Size of Titanium DC (Direct Current) Sputtered Condensation Polymer Materials to Electromagnetic Interruption and Thermal Properties

“…There are various studies on laser treatment for mechanical stress, the atomic layer deposition of chlorine-containing titanium-zinc oxide nanofilms, 3D-printed titanium lattice structure, titanium alloys, titanium surface modification, porous titanium, and antibacterial applications [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12].…”