Friction Stir Welding of Stainless Steel 304: A Survey

Baghel, Pushp Kumar

doi:10.9790/1684-0122223

Cited by 5 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Hence, reports were made that the fxture release must be considered in the analytical simulations also for the residual stresses determination in the FSW process. Te same was cited by Baghel in his survey [146]. Also, Baghel and Siddiquee, in another study [147], designed and developed a fxturing system involving a fxture, clamps, and a key using mild steel for the FSW process that is to be mounted on a vertical milling machine.…”

Section: Impact Of Fixturesmentioning

confidence: 95%

A Contemporary Review on Friction Stir Welding of Circular Pipe Joints and the Influence of Fixtures on This Process

Senthil¹,

Kumar²,

Dennison

2022

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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The permanent metal joining processes play a vital role in assembling the complex aluminium structures of the aerospace, automotive, marine, and oil industries. The invention of friction stir welding (FSW) redefined the mechanism of metal joining to produce high-quality welds by eliminating the consumption of electrodes and shielding gases, resulting in economical processes. Research works still lack to explore the application of FSW in complex geometries. In this view, the present work reports a critical review of various geometries welded by FSW, mainly circular geometries that are majorly used in the oil and gas industries. The various aspects of the FSW of pipes, such as process facilitation, process parameters, tool material selection, and tool design selection are discussed. The paper also presents insights into the parameters responsible for the weld quality, the feasibility of optimization techniques, and the status of various fixture arrangements. The facilitation requisites for FSW of pipes are also provided based on the reviews made. The review concludes by discussing the challenges associated with the FSW of pipes, economic aspects, and future research directions.

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Section: Impact Of Fixturesmentioning

confidence: 95%

A Contemporary Review on Friction Stir Welding of Circular Pipe Joints and the Influence of Fixtures on This Process

Senthil¹,

Kumar²,

Dennison

2022

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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“…In one study, a welding tool having the pin section in the shape of an equilateral triangle was used (triangle inscribed in a circle with a diameter of 5 mm), the length of the pin of 2.8 mm and the shoulder diameter of 16 mm (made of cemented carbide: K10, 94% WC -6% Co) [1,2]. To prolong its life, the welding tool was cooled with pressurized air during the welding process [1,6].…”

Section: International Achievementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 Fig. 1 Optical micrograph -base material, mixing area and thermomechanical affected zone [6] In the case of introducing a low heat input in the welding area, there will be an insufficient mixing and plasticization of the materials, which can lead to porosity in the weld and lack of penetration in the weld.…”

Section: International Achievementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Examination of the microstructure revealed the formation of the sigma phase in the advancing part of the welding tool. It was also found that during FSW the rapid formation of the sigma phase occurred due to the transformation of austenite into delta ferrite in the mixing zone, which occurs due to high stresses and the dynamic recrystallization that appear during the FSW process [5,6].…”

Section: International Achievementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because the X5CrNi18-10 and X3CrNiMo17-13-3 stainless steels are widely used in engineering applications, international researchers are studying various aspects related to the possibility of joining through the FSW process and also related to: welding tool design, welding tool material, welding tool speed, welding speed, specialized FSW welding machines, etc. Studies are also being developed for the analysis and evaluation of FSW welded joints [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Considerations Regarding Friction Stir Welding of Stainless Steels

Cojocaru¹,

Boţilă²,

Daşcău

et al. 2022

DDF

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Due to their extraordinary qualities, X5CrNi18-10 (AISI 304L) and X3CrNiMo17-13-3 (AISI 316) stainless steels are among the most used materials in engineering applications with use in priority areas. This also involves finding new solutions for joining this type of metals, effective alternatives to the widely used conventional welding processes.The paper presents the approaches and results obtained at international level for the FSW welding of X5CrNi18-10 and X3CrNiMo17-13-3 stainless steels.The ISIM results are also presented for the FSW butt welding of X5CrNi18-10 stainless steel plates, 4.0 mm and 1.5 mm thick. Data regarding the materials to be welded, the characteristics of the welding tool and the technological process parameters are presented: the rotation speed of the welding tool and the welding speed.When monitoring the welding process, a method was used that is based on an innovative solution based on the use of the infrared thermographic technique, patented by ISIM Timisoara.When welding FSW in inert gas environment FSW-IG, an innovative technical solution for applying the method was used (submitted for patenting), a method that allows monitoring the process in the case of FSW-IG as well. The results of the evaluation process of the welded joints are also presented: referring to metallographic analyzes at macro and microscopic level, micro-hardness, tensile and bending tests.The very good results obtained internationally, but also those obtained at ISIM Timisoara, represent solid arguments that the FSW process can be applied with very good results for welding of X5CrNi18-10 and X3CrNiMo17-13-3 stainless steels.

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